State of War Exists Between So. Africa & Britain

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Please be more accurate - South Africa did not exist until 1910.
War existed between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (South African Republic), with Kruger dragging the Oranje-Vrijstaat (Orange Free State) into the war.

Thanks for the tip Anthonys. I knew nothing of South Africa. I had looked up the origin of the American Baseball League, which was renamed from the Western League to the American League on October 11, 1899, and which happened to be coincident to war being declared in the region of South Africa. The American news article on the "State of War" was somewhat vague, at least to me. ... My goal was to get to April of 1901, the inaugural season of the American League as a Major League, and begin posting daily contemporary clips of world news coincidental with the baseball season.

6/1/1910, South Africa a Nation

6/3/1910, South African Union

6/8/1910, The South Africa Question

1885 Map of the South Africa Region, Wikipedia

The Boer Wars, Australia

German South-West Africa, Wikipedia

Bechuanaland Protectorate, Wikipedia

Matabeleland, Wikipedia

Transvaal Colony, Wikipedia

South African Republic, Wikipedia

Paul Kruger, President of the South African Republic, Wikipedia

Photo, State President Paul Kruger at His Fourth Inauguration, Pretoria, 1898

Photo, Boer General Peter De Wet, 1900

Second Boer War, Wikipedia

Excerpt: The Second Boer War (Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog or Tweede Boereoorlog) was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902 between the British Empire and the Afrikaans-speaking settlers of two independent Boer republics, the South African Republic (Transvaal Republic) and the Orange Free State. It ended with a British victory and the annexation of both republics by the British Empire; both would eventually be incorporated into the Union of South Africa, a dominion of the British Empire, in 1910. ... The conflict is commonly referred to as The Boer War but is also known as the South African War outside South Africa, the Anglo-Boer War among most South Africans, and in Afrikaans as the Anglo-Boereoorlog or Tweede Vryheidsoorlog ("Second War of Liberation" or lit. "Second Freedom War") or the Engelse oorlog (English War). ... The Second Boer War and the earlier, much less well known, First Boer War (December 1880 to March 1881) are collectively known as the Boer Wars.

Photo, Boer Commandos at Spioenkop

Siege of Mafeking, Wikipedia

Photo, Scorched Earth Policy, British Burning Boer Farmhouse to Deny Sanctuary to Guerrillas

Battle of Paardeberg, Wikipedia

The Boer War, 1899-1902, The British Empire

Churchill's Capture, Imprisonment, & Escape, The Boer War, The British Empire

Battle of Bothaville, Wikipedia

Photo, Boer Troops Firing Artillery

Battle of Groenkop, Wikipedia

Photo, Colonel Robert Baden-Powell & Staff, Who Tied Down the Boers While Britain Mobilized

Lord Kitchener, Spartacus Educational

The Tragedy of Lord Kitchener, By Viscount Reginald Baliol Brett Esher, Copyright 1921

Life of Lord Kitchener, Volume 1, By Sir George Arthur, Copyright 1920

Life of Lord Kitchener, Volume 2, By Sir George Arthur, Copyright 1920

Life of Lord Kitchener, Volume 3, By Sir George Arthur, Copyright 1920

Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, Wikipedia

Stellaland, Wikipedia

Swaziland, Wikipedia

Mozambique, Wikipedia

Zulu Kingdom, Wikipedia

Anglo-Zulu War, Wikipedia

The Boer People, Wikipedia

KwaZulu-Natal, Wikipedia

Natalia Republic, Wikipedia

Battle of Blood River, Wikipedia

Colony of Natal, Wikipedia

Basutoland, Wikipedia

Basutoland, Catholic Encyclopedia

South Africa, 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia

Orange Free State, Wikipedia

Afrikaans, a West Germanic Language, Spoken Natively in South Africa & Namibia, Offshoot of Several Dutch Dialects; Wikipedia

Griqualand West, Wikipedia

Griqualand East, Wikipedia

Cape Colony, Wikipedia

Battle of Blaauwberg, Wikipedia

Battle of Muizenberg, Wikipedia

Dutch Cape Colony, Wikipedia

Dutch East India Company, Wikipedia

Photo, Stretcher-Bearers, Indian Ambulance Corps During Boer War, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Middle Row, 5th from Left

10/11/1899, Balfour Declares Crisis in South Africa Due to Rash Policy of Boer Government

10/11/1899, So. African Counsel in London Charges England's Alleged Pacification of So. Africa Actually Causes Perpetual Unrest

10/11/1899, Pro-Boer Rally in New York Resolves that Great Britain Does not Have Right of Intervention in South African Republic

10/11/1899, Boer Ultimatum

10/11/1899, Situation Becoming More Critical By the Hour, Many Whites Proceeding to Border to Fight for the Transvaal

10/11/1899, The British Reply

10/11/1899, U.S. Will Look After British Interests in Transvaal in the Event of War

10/11/1899, Kruger's Action

10/11/1899, London Dispatch Says Kruger Found it Impossible to Hold Back His Peasant Warriors & Bought on War Without Delay

10/11/1899, Boers Patrolling Laing's Nek

10/11/1899, Member of Cape Colony Parliament on Pleasure Tour of U.S. Believes War Will Not Last Long

10/11/1899, British Troops in Natal

10/11/1899, Boers Fighting Strength Overrated

10/11/1899, Cape Premier Supports Boers

10/11/1899, Transvaal Pres. Krueger Thanks U.S. for Sympathy, Declares War Is Fitting End to British Fraud & Force in So. Africa

10/11/1899, British Diplomatic Agent at Pretoria Rumored to Have Been Assassinated

10/11/1899, London Charges Boers Did not Wait for Expiration of Ultimatum Before Crossing Border

10/11/1899, Cape Town Confident

10/11/1899, German Detachment Posts Big Gun on Free State-Natal Border

10/11/1899, British Governor & High Commissioner for South Africa Issues Proclamation Warning Against Treason

10/12/1899, Colonial Warriors Needed to Fight in South Africa Due to Overbearing Insolence & Tyrannical Injustice of the Boers

10/12/1899, Orange Free State Troops Cross Border & Advance on Ladysmith, Boers Enter Natal, Basutos Becoming Restless

10/12/1899, Dispatch from Ladysmith Says War Has Begun by the Boers in Natal

10/12/1899, Autonomous Boer Government Wants Full Sovereignty & Independence from England

10/12/1899, The Story of the Last Boer War

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4/29/1901, Memorial Held for Lieutenant William Rupert Harriott, 23, Who Fell at the Battle of Diamond Hill, South Africa

Photo, Plaque, Battle of Diamond Hill

Boer Wars, 1848-1902, Boers vs. British

The Battle of Diamond Hill

4/29/1901, Natives with Spears Attack Encampment Without Warning on St. Mathias Island

Map, Saint Matthias Group

4/29/1901, Cannibals Kill German Millionaire, Berlin Orders Cruiser to Proceed to Island of New Britain on Punitive Expedition

4/29/1901, St. Mathias Natives Wild & Never Approached, Whites Killed Because Coconut Trees Cut Down, Four Natives Killed

4/29/1901, Clarke Griffith Limits Cleveland to 7 Hits, 1 Walk, Fans 2; Chicago (23 Hits) Coasts 13-1 Before Home Crowd of 16,500

4/29/1901, Detroit Rallies Before 9,000 in Home 9th to Edge Milwaukee 12-11 for 4th Straight Win, Casey 3 Doubles

4/29/1901; Well-Planned Safe Robbery Carried Out at Messrs. J.G. Hanks & Co., Grocers, Wine, & Spirits, 498 George Street

4/29/1901; Hugh Jennings Joins American League, Signs with Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics, Will Not Play Until June 5

Hugh Jennings, Society for American Baseball Research

Hugh Jennings, Baseball Reference

4/29/1901; Preacher in N.Y.C. Says Right to Vote for Negros Was Blunder; South Does not Love North, but Glad Slavery Is Done

Note: Using America as a rule of thumb, it takes a couple of centuries to build a smooth-running democracy.

4/29/1901, Eleven-Hour Battle at Great Wall, Germans Storm Bastion on Heights & Rout Chinese After Stubborn Resistance

4/29/1901, News Briefs, Sydney Collected ₤2,091 in Customs Revenue Saturday, Mail from London Arrives Tuesday, Etc.

4/29/1901, Charles M. Schwab, 39, Stock Worth $30,000,000, President of American Steel Trust, Started as Stake Driver

4/29/1901, Imperial Bushmen Surround Boers Near Olifant's River, 42 Surrender; Elsewhere 9,000 Cattle & Sheep Captured

4/29/1901, Cincinnati Scores four in 6th at Chicago en Route to 6-4 Victory, Irving Triples & Singles Twice

4/29/1901, New American League Drawing Better Crowds than Nationals, Orioles to Open in New Grounds at Washington Today

4/29/1901, Several Contract Laborers for Baltimore & Ohio Killed in Tunnel Collapse, Railroad & Contractors Exonerated

4/29/1901, Durban Harbor, South Africa, Past 18 Months: 85,684 Troops Landed, 1,419,000 Tons of Cargo, 54,923 Livestock

4/29/1901, Freemasonry, Grand Lodge of Western Australia, Installation of Grand Master

4/29/1901, Forced Labor Humanized Under British Rule in Egypt, Egyptians Being Weaned Away from Oppression of Lower Classes

4/29/1901; Official Frozen Meat Trade Association Quotations for Mutton, Lamb, & Beef

4/29/1901, Habitual Drunk Marion Curedale Charged with Being Idle & Disorderly, Sentenced to Three Months with Hard Labor

4/29/1901; Shah of Persia Ill & in Serious Condition; Shah Absolute Ruler, Master of All Lives & Goods Within His Dominion

4/29/1901, French Submit That Australia Would Not Benefit if British Missionaries on New Hebrides Hinder Colonization

Satillite Map, New Hebrides Vanuatu

4/29/1901, Search for Chinaman with Plague Finds Patient Suffering from Excessive Use of Opium Before Plague Victim Found

4/29/1901, Hibernian Australasian Catholic Benefit Society Holds Annual Breakfast

4/29/1901, Full Particulars of the Cutter Aggie's Foundering During Fiji Hurricane & Drowning of Mr. Wilkerson & Ratu Mele

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4/30/1901, Manchurian Convention, Translation of Chinese Text of Agreement with Russia

The Boxer Madness, from Thirty Years in Moukden, 1883-1913 (Medical Missionaries)

4/30/1901, The Native Races in South Africa

4/30/1901, Sensational Robbery, Supreme Court Broken Into, Safe with Large Sum of Money Carried Away

Bill Sikes, Wikipedia

4/30/1901, Master of Supreme Court Sends Report of Safe Robbery to Attorney General

4/30/1901, Donations Sought from Irishmen for Statue of Queen Victoria in Ireland

4/30/1901, Edward Jones Charged by Water-Police Constable Bray with Being Idle & Disorderly

4/30/1901; Washington Opens at Home; Carrick's Curves Fool O's 5-2; Enthusiasm, Decorated Houses Greet Pre-Game Parade

4/30/1901, Shipwreck, Barque Highland Forest, Eight Miles off Shore, on Murray Reef, Vessel Breaking Up, Crew Safe

Photo, Barque

Barque, Wikipedia

4/30/1901, Crew of Highland Forrest to Be Conveyed to Freemantle

4/30/1901, Customs Officials Dispatched to Scene of Wrecked Highland Forest to Guard Any Cargo Washing Ashore

4/30/1901; Local Marine Underwriters' Association Believes Cargo Insured, but not Sure of Vessel

4/30/1901, Freemantle Receives Telegram from Postmaster at Rockingham Reporting Barque Wrecked on Monday

4/30/1901, Police Near Safety Bay Find Captain's Wife & Crew on Beach, Captain Standing by Wrecked Barque

4/30/1901, Loss of Large Shipment of Kerosene on Highland Forest, Local Merchants Holding off for Lower Prices Disappointed

Court Finding No. 6234, Highland Forest, Ship No. 89,909, Total Wreck Near Mandurah, Charge of Captain Negligent Proven

4/30/1901; N.L. -- N.Y.-13 Phila-14, Wolverton 4 Hits; Bos-12 Brklyn-8; Cin-6 Chi-9, Chance 3 SBs; St.L.-12 Pit-14, Ritchey 2 2Bs

4/30/1901; Connie Mack's A's Get First Win, Defeating Boston Americans 8-5 in Philly; Lajoie Two Triples, Two Singles

4/30/1901, Detroit Wins 3-2 at Chicago, Dillon HR, Owens Wins; Cleveland Opens at Home with 4-3 Victory over Milwaukee

4/30/1901, Baseball Standings

4/30/1901, His Eminence Wins 27th Kentucky Derby Before 25,000

4/30/1901, President McKinley Leaves on Western Tour; Rebel Leader in P.I. Surrenders; Manila Quartermaster on Trail for Fraud

4/30/1901, Cuban Imports Increase: Cotton & Tobacco Trade & Statistics Explained

4/30/1901, Big Enthusiasm for Baseball Opener in Washington, Many Politicians in Attendance, Carrick Puzzles Baltimore

4/30/1901, Boers Shadow Bushmen, Boers Short of Ammunition & on Mules Due to Horse Sickness

4/30/1901, Ketch with 11 Men Sent to Daru Insufficient for Punitive Action Against Natives in Missionary Massacre

Photo, Ketch

Ketch, Wikipedia

4/30/1901, Detectives Arrest Two Men at Railway Station with Skeleton Keys & Lock-Picking Tools

4/30/1901; Burglars Assemble Big Haul Near Artillery Shed, but Tin with Phosphorous Emits Smoke, Scaring off Robbers

4/30/1901, Hotel Room Robbed Saturday Night During Bar Hours

4/30/1901, New Public Works Tenders Accepted: Roads, Railways, Water Conservation, Harbors & Rivers, Etc.

4/30/1901, Colonial Sugar Co. Holds Half Yearly Meeting, Profits £93,601 up from £91,633 after September 1900 (After Taxes)

4/30/1901; James Coulter, Alias Cecil Love, Alias George Jackson, 35, Laborer, Gets Three Months Hard Labor for Stealing Saddle

4/30/1901; Mrs. Jane Smith, Being Held for Retrial for the Poison Murder of Patrick Conway, Files Contempt Charges Against Press

4/30/1901, Arabs Near Algeria Kill Seven Europeans for not Converting to Islamism

4/30/1901, News Briefs: Policeman Saves Drunk Sailor from Robbery, Sydney's Custom Revenue Monday Was £7,187, Etc.

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4/30/1901, Suspected Wannabe Assassin Attempts to Visit President McKinley at White House Sunday

4/30/1901, Wreck of Ship Andrada, Missing for Four Months, May Have Been Spotted by Indians Near Queen Charlotte Islands

4/30/1901, Captain Reed, Commissary Official at Manila, Arrested for Fraud & Charged with Soliciting & Receiving Bribes

4/30/1901, Foreign Powers in China Discuss Withdrawal & Return of Gov't to Locals, Germans Accused of Oppression, Part 1

4/30/1901, Foreign Powers in China Discuss Withdrawal & Return of Gov't to Locals, Germans Accused of Oppression, Part 2

4/30/1901, Iowa Volunteer Reed Short $22,442 in His Accounts with Federal Government

4/30/1901; David Nation, Husband of Carrie Nation, Robbed of $78 & Railroad Ticket

Carrie Amelia Moore Nation, Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture

Carry Nation; Alcohol, Problems & Solutions

Carry A. Nation, by Carrie Nation

4/30/1901, African Methodist Episcopal Church Reports Negro Men Spending Less on Whiskey & More on Families

4/30/1901, Celebrated Aeronaut M. Louis Godard Plans to Cross Atlantic in Balloon, Four Days, Three Crew, Six Passengers

4/30/1901, Standard Oil Co. Said to Be in Negotiations for the Purchase of Land Near Port Arthur, Texas

4/30/1901, Mystery of Missing Kansas Farmer May Have Been Solved, Suspect Wanted Ransom After Robbing & Murdering Farmer

4/30/1901, U.S. Cotton Exports to Orient Will Be Greatly Affected By Japanese Purchases of Cotton from Bombay

4/30/1901, Foul Play in West Virginia Suspected in Death of 16-Year Old Girl by Her Two Brothers, Next in Line for Big Inheritance

4/30/1901, Mamie H. Swanton Complains that Female Workers Are Not Given Sufficient Tea Breaks

Note: Australia must have been way ahead of its time, because in 2014, if one listens to National Public Radio, one can often hear reports of unspeakable atrocities and crimes committed against females in Africa and Asia.

4/30/1901, Temperance Worker Believes it's Better for the State to Profit from the Nation's Ruin Rather than Private People

4/30/1901, Boer Commandos Loot & Burn British Supply Train Laden with Cattle, Coal, & Forage Near Molteno

4/30/1901, Co. of 4th Punjab Infantry Engages 1,000 Chinese Bandits, 50,000 Coolies to Replace Losses to Russians in Manchuria

4/30/1901, Conway Poisoning Case, The Trial of Mrs. Jane Smith, Monday Through Thursday Summary, Part 1

4/30/1901, Conway Poisoning Case, The Trial of Mrs. Jane Smith, Monday Through Thursday Summary, Part 2

4/30/1901, London Notes: A.C. Baily & Henry de Stedingk Charged with (£60,000) Fraud, British Agriculture Reports Labor Famine

4/30/1901, How to Pay for the South African War

4/30/1901; Private Phillip Craig, Invalided by Boer Sniper, Given Civic Welcome by Coolgardie Municipal Council & Mayor

Third (Western Australian Bushmen) Contingent, Departed for South Africa: March 13, 1900, Returned: May 28, 1901

Note: The above link for Western Australians serving in the Boer War shows Private Phillip Craig, but does not note his wound from the Boer sniper as reported in the previous Western Argus news dispatch.

4/30/1901, Conway Poisoning Case, The Trial of Mrs. Jane Smith, Friday Summary

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4/30/1901, Replenishing the British Fleet

4/30/1901, German & Russian Fleets as Rivals to the British Navy

4/30/1901, Aussie Soldiers in South Africa Wreck News Office After Being Called "Scum of the Earth" for Recent Jollification

4/30/1901, Wild Natives Spear Two Germans to Death on St. Matthias Island, Germans Surprised While Cleaning Guns

4/30/1901; Jury in Conway Poisoning Case Dismissed Saturday, Unable to Reach Verdict; Mrs. Smith Remanded, New Trial May 28

4/30/1901, West Australia Mining News, Brown Hill Extended Holds Meeting, Mining Logistics Discussed

Oroya Brownhill Mine, Golden Mile Mines, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire, Western Australia, Australia

4/30/1901, Mount Malcolm Mining, Prospects at Redcastle Are Improving

Western Australia, Report of the Department of Mines for the Year 1900

Western Australia, Report of the Department of Mines for the Year 1901

Western Australia, Report of the Department of Mines for the Year 1902

4/30/1901, Workman Named Montag of Hemshof Dye & Soda Factory Near Mannheim Germany Invents Substitute for Coal

4/30/1901, Steamer Rio de Janeiro Sinks in Fog at Entrance to San Francisco Bay, 131 Drowned, 80 Saved

Photo, S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, 1898

Point Bonita, Near Entrance to San Francisco Bay, Satellite Map

Fort Point, Satellite Map, Near Where the Rio de Janeiro Struck a Rock & Sank

S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, Wikipedia

S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, Pacific Mail Steamship Company

S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, The Maritime Heritage Project

Shipwreck of SS City of Rio de Janeiro Mail Steamer, National Register of Historic Places in San Francisco

U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Reports, Diplomatic Relations with Foreign Nations & Hawaiian Islands, 1789-1901

4/30/1901, S.S. Federal May Have Met Her Doom Near Ramhead Sailing too Close to Shore to Avoid High Seas, Hitting a Rock

Wreck Report for S.S. Federal, 1901

Divers Discover Elusive Wreck of the S.S. Federal

Shipwreck, S.S. Federal, Australian Emergency Management Knowledge Hub (Link Also Has Photo of S.S. Federal)

First News Report of the Wreck of the S.S. Federal, 3/27/1901

Gabo Island, Victoria, Australia, Satellite Map

4/30/1901, Missing Missionaries, Weekly Summary, Part 1

4/30/1901, Missing Missionaries, Weekly Summary, Part 2

4/30/1901, Indian Magic Tricks

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The Boxer Madness, from Thirty Years in Moukden, 1883-1913 (Medical Missionaries)

The Boxer Madness, from Thirty Years in Moukden, 1883-1913 (Medical Missionaries), Internet Archive

Note: The link in Post #33 (describing the positive Missionary contribution to China) became inoperable, but fortunately there are other links available.

5/1/1901, Confederate Women Want Remains of Southern Soldiers in Arlington & Soldiers' Home Cemetery Sent to Home States

5/1/1901, Baltimore's Pitching & Fielding Fails in Washington, Orioles Outhit Senators 13-7, but McGraw's Men Lose 12-6

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