BarKokhba wrote:Hello Decisive Battles Group!
Here's my list, beginning with the end of the Christian Byzantium Empire, essentially ending the Ancient Classical Era. I chose these events as decisive because they were not only keynote military events, but because of the long lasting, critical cultural and political effects they had on world civilization.
Manzikert, 1071 the Islamic victory over Christian Byzantium. Turkey, North Africa and most of the Middle East remains Islamic to this day.
Tenochtitlan, 1519. The Aztec Empire's defeat by Spain and its tempoarary Indian allies. Native peoples in Mexico, the Caribbean and all of Central America have been subjugated to Spanish culture and language since that defeat. (Similar to South America's subjugation since Cuzco in that era.
The Defeat of the Armada, 1588, preserved Protestantism and the early stirrings of political constitutional republicanism in Holland and England.
Vienna, 1683. The defeat of the Turks by the Alliance preserved the status quo in Europe, allowing for 2 centuries of global domination by Europe.
Quebec, 1758. The end of French aspirations in the Western Hemisphere. British global ascendancy in the New World and India.
Saratoga, 1777. The astounding defeat of British regulars by Colonials is the turning point of the American Revolution and brings in French military assistance.
Waterloo, 1814, ended all the Napoleonic Wars and began a new era for Europe.
Stalingrad, 1942-43, the absolute turning point in WW2, we Germany in retreat and the Soviet Union marching to Berlin and becoming a world power.
Hiroshima/ Nagasaki, 1945, not a battle, but an air attack that ended WW2 and began a new Era for mankind.
Dien Bien Phu, 1952, Communist Viet forces defeat French Colonial force, essentially ending the colonial era around the globe.
The siege and fall of Tenochtitlan happened in 1521, not in 1519.
The Battle of Quebec (the one between Wolfe and the Marquis de Montcalm, for there are other so-called battles of Quebec) happened in 1759, not in 1758.
Waterloo happened in 1815, not in 1814.
The Battle of Dien Bien Phu happened in 1954, not in 1952.
For battles that had "long lasting, critical cultural and political effects" on world civilization, they seem to be not so accurately remembered as they should!