Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

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little grey rabbit
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Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#1

Post by little grey rabbit » 28 Feb 2015, 15:25

I have been reading Richard Basset's biography of Wilhelm Canaris.

He believes that Wilhelm Canaris had at least two meetings with the British SIS. The first in December 1943 when he is supposed to have met directly with Stewart Menzies, the second in May 1944 where he received a letter at an SIS safe house in the Lazarite convent on the Rue de la Sante.
Interestingly, shortly after both meetings were the two main attempts on Hitler's life both using bobby traps of English manufacture: the first a bottle of cognac and the second a Stauffenberg's briefcase.

Towards the end of his book Basset talks of Canaris' diary discovered by the Gestapo in a metal box in the cellar at Zossen, when Basset claims the full extent of his treachery was revealed to Hitler. Finally Basset says
According to Colvin, a British naval intelligence officer after the war alluded to the diary being in a Foreign Office file. Other rumours soon spread to suggest it had been spirited away to the Kremlin or Washington, a power weapon to be used against the British in those early days of her post-imperial existence
I have a sneaking suspicion if anyone has it, it will be the British, possibly the SIS. If we ask them very nicely do you think they might release it?

steve248
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#2

Post by steve248 » 06 Mar 2015, 22:29

All these alleged meetings between Canaris and British SIS officers of whatever rank are all poppycock. For a formidable account of why, see Hugh Trevor-Roper (ed. Edward Harrison) "The Secret World" publ Tauris/London, 2014. (available on amazon)

Re Canaris diaries.
They must have made a miraculous disappearance from Berlin on 5 April 1945 to reappear in London, rather than Moscow.
On that day Kaltenbrunner presented them to Hitler at the midday military briefing in the Führerbunker.
Heinz Höhne, "Canaris", p.563f


little grey rabbit
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#3

Post by little grey rabbit » 10 Mar 2015, 02:57

Hi Steve, could you elaborate on what part of the 1950's essay (slightly updated in 1968) by Trevor-Roper you consider absolutely proves recent suggestions of contact as "poppy-cock"? Bearing in mind I believe both Bletchley Park and the Double-Cross system were kept under wraps until the 1970s.

Re the final resting place of Canaris' diaries, Trevor-Roper seems to be saying they didn't fall into Soviet hands.
What was the crime for which Canaris perished? At Nuremberg his ghost appeared and through the lips of a series of witnesses gave in that still incredulous court-house. One by one, witnesses on both sides found themselves referring to Canaris. Whenever the opposition to Hitler, 'the other Germany', was mentioned, Canaris seemed to be the directing brain behind it. The angry defenders of Nazism denounced him as the traitor who, from his central position, had stabbed in the back a system which might otherwise have conquered the world. A wraith-like figure the from concentration-camp, Erwin Lahousen, himself a former member of the Abwher (and of the imperial Habsburg Secret Service before it), described Canaris as 'a pure intellectual', the secret genius of opposition, and 'the Canaris inner circle' as the very cabinet of resistence. And yet, however insistently that ghost hovered in the court-room, it remained very ghostly. What had this genius of opposition done? Whenever that question was asked the phantom slid away, leaving no evidence that it was not an illusion. He had written diaries, it was explained - a vast and conclusive indictment of the regime specially prepared for posterity. But even these diareis have proved as elusive as his personality. There is no doubt that they existed, but intelligence officers and historians have vainly sought them. Most of them had already been found by the Gestapo and burnt to cinders in a Tyrolean castle; the rest, it seems, were buried, no one now knows where, in a deserted spot on the Lueneburg Heath [Along with the remains of Himmler???? LGR]
Given H T-R was subjected to the official secrets act we can't be sure that he would have revealed the capture of the diaries so for all we know "burnt to cinders" might be code for "buried deep with the MI6 archive". Anyone both Tyrol and Lueneburg Heath I think were in the Allied zone.

Trevor Roper adds this interesting commentary.
Canaris failed. He did not provide Hitler with the exotic Secret Service that he demanded. Indeed, he came to hate Hitler and to hope for his ruin; but with all the opportunities of his position, he failed in that also. His failure was thus complete
Can we be absolutely confident that the "opportunities of his position" is not a veiled nod towards the failure of the assassination plots against Hitler?

This passage might also be hinting at contacts with the British in Spain [ostensibly about pressuring Franco]:
By the beginning of 1944 Canaris judged that another personal visit was necessary to save the situation. It would be easy, he assured himself; he had done it so often before; a visit to Madrid, a talk with his friends [ahhhh the ambiguity from the Jesuitical Trevor-Roper - LGR], and all would be well....But this time an extraordinary thing happened. Unconcernedly, under his usual alias, Canaris set off on his journey, only to be told from Madrid that this time he might not come to Madrid. He might not even cross the Spanish frontier. He never even saw his Spanish friends - for General Martinez Campos declined an invitation to meet him in Biarritz. Herr Abshagen does not mention this significant incident. Perhaps he does not know about it. But it is what convinced those of us who could appreciate it at the time that the fall of Canaris, already overdue, would now no longer be delayed.
This is not the only place where Trever-Roper makes arch comment about Canaris' frequent trips to Spain.

Apparently Stauffenberg phoned him on the afternoon of 20 July to tell Canaris that Hitler was dead.

steve248
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#4

Post by steve248 » 10 Mar 2015, 09:56

How about "I am afraid I must say that this picture of a Canaris-Menzies axis, of Canaris as one of Menzies's sources of usable information, and of Menzies ordering the assassination of Heydrich - 'signing his death warrant' - in order to save Canaris, is the purest fantasy. Whatever 'evidence' may be claimed in its support, anyone who understands the structure of MI-6, the limits of its responsibilities, the extent of its knowledge of the internal politics of Germany in 1942, or even the true facts about Germany in 1942, knows in advance that it could not be true." (p.127 - a particularly scathing and debunking review of Cave Brown's "Bodyguard of Lies").

Trevor-Roper does not deny that Canaris "sent secret emissaries to Spain and Portugal, vainly seeking contact with England" (p.61) or that Canaris also visited Spain. But Menzies did not go.

There are several MI 5 files available at UK National Archives on Abwehr activities, Canaris, etc regarding Spain. But, as I told David Irving (he claims "I acidly refused"), I am not doing the research for you.

Almost forgot. Stauffenberg calling Canaris - debunked by Heinz Höhne, "Canaris", p. 567. Basically, Stauffenberg did not have the opportunity to telephone Canaris. Who, by the way, had been stripped of his command of the Abwehr months before, and the Abwehr itself absorbed by RSHA.

Canaris Diaries: once Kaltenbrunner presented the Canaris diaries to Hitler on 20 April 1945, they are never mentioned again other than by speculators.

sandeepmukherjee196
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#5

Post by sandeepmukherjee196 » 31 Mar 2015, 15:32

I think Admiral Canaris is the only traitor in history who sold out his own men (Abwehr operatives) to the enemy! One Abwehr agent after another, sent to Britain, were captured, turned double or executed. I don't know if in the history of espionage, there is any such instance of consistent failure and debacles ...on one particular front.

Anyone who claims that Canaris wasn't deeply compromised with British intelligence is....well either being too kind to him ( presumably since he was anti Hitler) or can't face facts..

Ciao
Sandeep

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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#6

Post by steve248 » 31 Mar 2015, 17:48

They were hardly "sold out" by Canaris.
Canaris did not inform British intelligence his spies were coming, nor did other Abwehr officers.
I suggest you look at the books of Ben Macintyre for examples of how Britain was able to capture these spies.

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sitalkes
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#7

Post by sitalkes » 02 Apr 2015, 01:36

I speculate that although Canaris didn't tell the British his spies were coming, in 1940 he instead sent incompetent ones that made stupid mistakes and were quickly rounded up almost as soon as they landed in Britain. Either that , or the stupid ones were a cover for the real operatives that weren't supposed to be found. On 3 September two Dutch men who had no training as spies landed from a dinghy near Hythe. They were challenged and captured by 5.30am. Another pair of spies landing at the same time consisted of a German who spoke excellent French but no English and another (non-German) who (alone of the four spies) could speak fluent English. The German was caught the next day after sending some useless messages (in one he complained of being shot at by German aircraft) and the other guy was caught at 10am after trying to buy a drink in a pub with his breakfast (the law then didn't allow cider to be sold before 10am so he was told to go out and come back, and he was arrested when he returned). I know that since the invasion wasn't ordered until July 1940 there wasn't much time to train spies for a trip to England (and during one of his pre-war bouts of Anglophilia Hitler had ordered all spies out of Britain) but Germany had been at war with England since 1939 and surely better spies could have been found.

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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#8

Post by sandeepmukherjee196 » 02 Apr 2015, 04:19

Hi....

Readers might find the following link interesting on the subject of Canaris' treachery :

http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic. ... 6&t=211217

Ciao
Sandeep

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sitalkes
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#9

Post by sitalkes » 02 Apr 2015, 05:38

You didn't mention one of Canaris' greatest contributions to the allied cause - persuading Franco not to join the war. Due to his Spanish experience and connections Canaris was the chosen envoy sent to negotiate with Franco. Franco offered to join the war (twice IRRC) but Canaris advised him to stay out and to offer impossible conditions for entry into the war, resulting in Hitler's famous comments about the difficulty in negotiating with Franco. If Franco had joined the war in summer 1940 and Gibraltar besieged if not taken it would have made life difficult for the British, even if the Canary Islands were taken off him. It would certainly have made the U-boat war easier for the Germans, Sealion more viable and the African campaign much tougher. A Malta attack would be much more likely to succeed and the Vichy government would continue to be pro-German (provided their competing claims in Africa could be resolved like competing land claims in central Europe were resolved for Germany's allies)

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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#10

Post by Boby » 02 Apr 2015, 18:37

We have only the Lahousen fragments.
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/11-30-45.asp

sandeepmukherjee196
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#11

Post by sandeepmukherjee196 » 02 Apr 2015, 19:41

Hi Sitalkes....

You are absolutely correct in all aspects. Would like to add that Canaris and his co-traitors got a taste of good ol' Karma when Roosevelt disdainfully termed them "East German Junkers" and refused to deal with them.

Ciao
Sandeep

Sid Guttridge
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#12

Post by Sid Guttridge » 02 Apr 2015, 20:03

Hi sitalkes,

Franco had good reason to stay out of the war without any supposed intervention from Canaris.

Spain was starving after the Civil War and produced no oil of its own. Spain therefore had to import wheat and maize from Argentina, fertilizer from Chile and oil from the Dutch West Indies to stave off mass starvation. These vital commodities could not be supplied by the Axis.

The British not only had influence over their production in all these countries, but they had to be imported into Spain through the Royal Navy's blockade of continental Europe. To control Spain's imports the British set up inspection points at Gibraltar and Trinidad.

Furthermore, the quota of oil imports was set at well below the levels prevailing before the Spanish Civil War, so that Spain would not have any excess for re-export to the Axis.

Thus the British could have throttled Spain at any time. It was, above all, this that kept Spain out of the war in 1940-41.

Cheers,

Sid.

sandeepmukherjee196
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#13

Post by sandeepmukherjee196 » 02 Apr 2015, 21:15

Hi Sid...

The only chink in your argument is that if Spain joined the Axis in '40 or '41 ( after watching Rommel's dash across Libya)...and Britain tried throttling Spain....guess what may have happened?

German and Spanish forces would have jointly invaded Gib...assaulted Malta and, in turn, throttled British forces in the Meditteranean ..making it an Axis lake. With Spain in the coalition, Vichy France may have been tempted to get a piece of the action while it was going...securing North Western Africa...it's coastline and airfields.. for the Axis. With the Med - African opportunities opening up big time, Raeder and Goering may have been able to sell their middle-east option to the German top leadership.

The entire geo strategic scenario might have changed with unfathomable consequences for the outcome of the war.

Yes ..Canaris was worth more than an army group plus a strategic Air Force for Britain ... In terms of the impact of his shenanigans on the fortunes of WWII.

Ciao
Sandeep

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sitalkes
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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#14

Post by sitalkes » 03 Apr 2015, 06:22

I understand that Spain had plenty of reasons for staying out of the war but so did Germany, Italy, and other countries ruled by dictators - if the dictator wants to join for some personal reason such as self-aggrandisement or because he wanted to be on the winning side or because he wanted some long-lost territory, or because he was a fascist, then that country can still go to war, no matter how much the British are bribing his generals or blockading his country. I have read the account I have given in different sources, that's why I believe that Franco did offer to join the Axis. It's possible that if his country did join the war then it would have been possible to break the blockade with the help of the Italian navy if Gibraltar was taken. Spain also had the largest fleet of the neutral nations - even if its largest ship was a heavy cruiser the large number of destroyers and torpedo boats would have been very useful to the Germans. Historically, the Royal Navy usually soundly defeated the Spanish navy (Trafalgar, Armada, etc) but that might have just given the Spaniards an axe to grind. The Canary Islands would have been useful to both sides but if Franco got his timing right the British would be unable to launch their invasion due (a) loss of Gibraltar and thus a good sized nearby naval base and (b) fears of invasion of Britain.

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Re: Diary of Wilhelm Canaris

#15

Post by Sid Guttridge » 03 Apr 2015, 19:19

Hi Sandeep,

I have always thought that Germany's best chance for success in the wider war was to have pursued a Mediterranean strategy in 1940-41.

However, while this might have been good for Germany, it might also have had disastrous consequences for the population of Spain.

Spain's interests (and, indeed, Italy's) were not necessarily the same as Germany's.

Spain was in a very bad way in 1940, with food and oil shortages worse than in any of the belligerent powers. Furthermore, the Axis could do little or nothing to help, while the British could cut Spain's imports of both at a moment's notice.

British policy was to keep Spain both on the edge of starvation and dependent on its continuing good will, and it worked.

Cheers,

Sid.

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