Japanese and Chinese forces in the campaigns of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War
Peiking Tientsin Operation (July-August 1937)[1]
Japan: Garrison Forces Peiking Railway – Gen. Koichiro Tashiro
Gen. Koyoji Kotouki*
- 5th Division (Square Division)
- 20th Division (Square Division)
- Kawabe Brigade
- Sakai Brigade (armour?)+
- Suzuki Brigade (armour?)+
- Main Force of E. Hopei Army (Chinese Puppet forces)**
- IJN involved in Battle of Ta Ku Kou
100,000 men, 200 Aircraft, 100 Tanks
Notes:
* replaced Gen. Koichiro after his death.
+ Sakai and Suzuki Brigades, from Kwangtung Army were temporarily attached.
** E. Hopei Army consisted of the following units in May 1937:[2]
- 1st Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 2nd Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- 3rd Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 4th Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- Training Corps “Tungchow’” 2,000 men
China:
29th Corps - Commander: Sung Che-yuan,
Deputy: Tung Lin-keh
- 37th Division
- 38th Division
- 132nd Division
- 143rd Division (Chahar province)
- Hopei Peace Preservation force (Pei-wan)
- 1 Brigade of 53rd Corps
Notes:
- Each Chinese Division in 29th Corps had 3 Infantry Brigades and had an attached independant brigade.
- 1 Brigade of 53rd Corps took part in the attack on Feng-tai.
--------------------
Some questions:
I wonder what were the parent units of the Kawabe Brigade, Sakai Brigade, Suzuki Brigade
from Kwangtung Army or if they were independant formations and if they were infantry or armoured formations?
I am thinking that the Sakai Brigade may be a formation of Armoured Regiments commanded by Lt. Gen. Sakai Koji mentioned in Coox's book about Nomonhan, as being in command of Kwangtung Army armoured brigade known in 1939 as the Kungchuling Brigade of 3rd and 4th Tank Regiments. This at strength should have 50 tanks.
At some point in the North China campaign Sakai commanded Sakai Detachment that was composed of a mixed armour and motorized infantry unit that was considered to have been unsuccessful and was disloved, and Sakai driven out of the army in consequence. My guess it was based on his armoured brigade.
My guess is that the Suzuki Brigade is another armoured Brigade (1st?). Both together giving the 100 tanks for the campaign mentioned above.
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
[2] Jowett, Phillip S. , Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan’s Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., 26 Willow Rd., Solihul, West Midlands, England.
Peiking Tientsin Operation (July-August 1937)
The 3 brigade are the so called "independent mixed brigade" (IMB).
Sakai Brigade = 1st IMB
Kawabe Brigade = 2nd IMB
Suzuki Brigade = 11th IMB
Japanese use the name of the commanders to call their units. Sometimes it causes confusion because the same unit has different names under different commanders at different time.
1st IMB is an experimental tank unit with 1 mechanized infantry regiment, 2 tank battalions and 1 field artillery battilion. The unit is disbanded on 1938. It s commander is Sakai Koji (酒井鎬次). He'd late command the 24th brigade, and then the 109th Division (from Sep 39)
11th IMB is not a tank unit but is special in that it has 2 field artillery regiments instead of 1. The unit is somewhat mechanized but not at the level of the 1st IMB.
All 3 brigades are originated from the Kwantung Army. They were under the command of the China Expedition Army for a short while, then back to Manchuria.
Sakai Brigade = 1st IMB
Kawabe Brigade = 2nd IMB
Suzuki Brigade = 11th IMB
Japanese use the name of the commanders to call their units. Sometimes it causes confusion because the same unit has different names under different commanders at different time.
1st IMB is an experimental tank unit with 1 mechanized infantry regiment, 2 tank battalions and 1 field artillery battilion. The unit is disbanded on 1938. It s commander is Sakai Koji (酒井鎬次). He'd late command the 24th brigade, and then the 109th Division (from Sep 39)
11th IMB is not a tank unit but is special in that it has 2 field artillery regiments instead of 1. The unit is somewhat mechanized but not at the level of the 1st IMB.
All 3 brigades are originated from the Kwantung Army. They were under the command of the China Expedition Army for a short while, then back to Manchuria.
Note that there is also the Japanese "China Expedition Army", a brigade size garrison that has been in Peiping and Tienstein before the conflict starts.
That comes to an interesting question:
If Japanese is to start a war, why would they mobilize so little of their units? the 5th, 20th divison and the 2nd imb did not join the fight until the end of July 1937. How possibly did they expect to win the war (or even just a limited conflict)? Is it out of arrogance? Or maybe, as some historians suggested, they are not the one who start the fight.
That comes to an interesting question:
If Japanese is to start a war, why would they mobilize so little of their units? the 5th, 20th divison and the 2nd imb did not join the fight until the end of July 1937. How possibly did they expect to win the war (or even just a limited conflict)? Is it out of arrogance? Or maybe, as some historians suggested, they are not the one who start the fight.
Wow. Thanks for the info on these formations and the pics. Since I posted that message I have accumulated some answers.
Peiking Tientsin Operation (July-August 1937)[1]
Japan: Garrison Forces Peiking Railway – Gen. Koichiro Tashiro
Gen. Koyoji Kotouki*
- 5th Division (Motorized Square Division) - ? [3]
--9th Infantry Brigade
---11th Infantry Regiment
---41st Infantry Regiment
--21st Infantry Brigade
---21st Infantry Regiment
---42nd Infantry Regiment
-- 5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
-- 5th Cavalry Regiment
-- 5th Engineer Regiment
-- 5th Transport Regiment
- 20th Division (Square Division) - ? [3]
--39th Infantry Brigade
---77th Infantry Regiment
---78th Infantry Regiment
--40th Infantry Brigade
---79th Infantry Regiment
---80th Infantry Regiment
--26th Field Artillery Regiment
--28th Cavalry Regiment
--20th Engineer Regiment
--20th Transport Regiment
- China Stationed Army (Lt. Gen. Tashiro) [PWf]
-- Kawabe Brigade (China Stationed Infantry Brigade) - Major Gen. Kawabe)
---- 1st China Stationed Infantry Regiment
---- 2nd China Stationed Infantry Regiment
-- China Stationed Cavalry Unit
-- China Stationed Artillery Regiment
-- China Stationed Engineer Unit
-- China Stationed Tank Unit (17 tanks?)
-- China Stationed Signal Unit
-- Army Hospital
- Sakai Brigade (1st Independent Mixed Brigade)- Lt. Gen Sakai Koji +,***
-- 3rd Tank Battalion (Type 94 Tankettes, Type 95 Light Tanks)
-- 4th Tank Battalion (Type 89, Type 95 Light Tanks)
-- 1st Independent Infantry Regiment
-- 1st Independent Artillery Battalion
-- 1st Independent Engineer Company
- Suzuki Brigade (11th Independent Mixed Brigade)- Gen. Suzuki +
-- 11th Independent Mixed Brigade
-- 12th Independent Infantry Regiment
-- 11th Independent Cavalry Company
-- 11th Independent Field Artillery Regiment
-- 12th Independent Mountain Gun Regiment
-- 11th Independent Engineer Company
-- 11th Independent Transport Company
- Main Force of E. Hopei Army (Chinese Puppet forces) **[2]
-- 1st Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
-- 2nd Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
-- 3rd Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
-- 4th Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
-- Training Corps “Tungchow’” 2,000 men
- Temporary Aviation Army Corps (Rinji Hikodan -Temporary Hikodan). [CDF] [PWf] [4]
-- 1st Army Air Force Battalion (reconnaissance aircraft) Ki-4, Ki-5
-- 2nd Army Air Force Battalion (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 3rd Army Air Force Battalion (long range reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 5th Army Air Force Battalion (light bomber) Ki-2
-- 6th Army Air Force Battalion (large bomber) Ki-2
-- 8th Army Air Force Battalion (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 9th Army Air Force Battalion (light bomber) Ki-1
-- 3rd independent squadron (large bomber)
-- 4th independent squadron (reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 6th independent squadron (reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 9th independent squadron (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 1st, 2nd Airfield companies
-- 8th, 9th Signal platoons
-- 1st Truck Transport Co.
-- 3rd Field aircraft depot
2nd Daitai and the 9th I F Chutai arrived at Fengtian on 24 July, joined on that date by the 8th Daitai from Tachiarai
27 July 1937
Fighters from the 2nd Daitai and the 9th I F Chutai flew a sweep over the Beijing-Tianjin area.
28 July 1937
On 28 July Beijing was lost to the Japanese.
During the day the 8th Daitai moved forward to Tianjin to fly ground support missions, carrying pairs of 30 kg bombs beneath their wings.
At the same time the 2nd Daitai also arrived at Tianjin.
28 July 1937
At dawn the 2nd Daitai was involved in strafing advancing Chinese troops close to their airfield at Tianjin.
- Fighters were: Ki-10's.
- Recon: Ki-4's and Ki.15's
- Light bombers: Ki-1's and Ki.2's
- Heavy bombers: Ki.2's
-
- Hikodan ? Rentai
- Rentai = ? daitai
- Daitai = 2 chutai
- Chutais
-
At the start of the “China Incident” the Army decided to despatch 24 chutais, including five fighter, six reconnaissance, four light bomber and three heavy bomber units. These were all despatched directly after the mobilization on 15 July.
Following this mobilisation from the homeland, Korea and Formosa the Kanto-gun in Manchuria despatched six further chutais comprising two of fighters, two reconnaissance and two of heavy bombers, to northern China. Movement had begun on 9 July, the 1st Daitai of the 16th Rentai (with two Ki-10 fighter chutais) moving from Mudanjing to Shanhaiguan. Two days later the fighters and the heavy bomber units moved to Tianjin.
Thus immediately after the mobilisation the Army had 24 chutais in northern China, 13 in Manchuria and 15 remaining in the homeland, Korea and Formosa.
At the end of August some flying units returned to Manchuria while two chutais each of fighters, reconnaissance aircraft and heavy bombers remained in China, forming a Rinji Hikodan (Temporary Hikodan).
On 22 August the fighter daitai of the 16th Rentai, which formed the fighter element of the Rinji Hikodan, moved to Zhangkai to patrol this area.
Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45
http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
- IJN Second Fleet involved in landings of 5th Division at Ta Ku Kou
– 2nd Fleet - [M144]
-- composition?
Third Fleet was assigned for over-all operations in China. Second Fleet was assigned to escort army transports. With the dispatch of troops to the Tsingtao area, the Second Fleet assumed responsibility for operations in North China waters, while the Third Fleet operated in Central and South China waters. These areas of operation were divided by the Lung-Hai railroad, starting from Hai-chou, and included the area of North China Operations.
100,000 men, 200 Aircraft, 100 Tanks
Notes:
* replaced Gen. Koichiro after his death.
+ Sakai and Suzuki Brigades, from Kwangtung Army were temporarily attached. [PWf]
11th IMB Suzuki Bde later became 26th Div. [PWf]
** E. Hopei Army consisted of these units in May 1937:[2]
- 1st Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 2nd Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- 3rd Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 4th Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- Training Corps “Tungchow’” 2,000 men
*** 12 Type 89 Medium Tanks, 13 Type 95 Light Tanks
12 Type 94 Tankettes, 4 Armored Engineer Vehicles[T]
China:
29th Corps - Commander: Sung Che-yuan, [1]
Deputy: Tung Lin-keh
-37th Division
-38th Division
-132nd Division
-143rd Division (Chahar province)
-Hopei Peace Preservation force (Pei-wan)
--2 Brigades - ?
-1 Brigade of 53rd Corps
Aircraft - apparently none [4]
Notes:
- Each Chinese Division in 29th Corps had 3 Infantry Brigades and had an attached indipendant brigade.
- 1 Brigade of 53rd Corps took part in the attack on Feng-tai.
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
[2] Jowett, Phillip S. , Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan’s Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., 26 Willow Rd., Solihul, West Midlands, England.
[M144] Monograph 144 Chapter II http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/monos/144/14 ... 20Incident
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945, discussion about Peiking Tientsin Operation http://www.f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/
[CDF] China Defense Forum: IJA in China orbat, 1937 to 1945
http://www.china-defense.com/forum/inde ... topic=2726
[3] Subunits of Square Divsions from:
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
[4] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
Peiking Tientsin Operation (July-August 1937)[1]
Japan: Garrison Forces Peiking Railway – Gen. Koichiro Tashiro
Gen. Koyoji Kotouki*
- 5th Division (Motorized Square Division) - ? [3]
--9th Infantry Brigade
---11th Infantry Regiment
---41st Infantry Regiment
--21st Infantry Brigade
---21st Infantry Regiment
---42nd Infantry Regiment
-- 5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
-- 5th Cavalry Regiment
-- 5th Engineer Regiment
-- 5th Transport Regiment
- 20th Division (Square Division) - ? [3]
--39th Infantry Brigade
---77th Infantry Regiment
---78th Infantry Regiment
--40th Infantry Brigade
---79th Infantry Regiment
---80th Infantry Regiment
--26th Field Artillery Regiment
--28th Cavalry Regiment
--20th Engineer Regiment
--20th Transport Regiment
- China Stationed Army (Lt. Gen. Tashiro) [PWf]
-- Kawabe Brigade (China Stationed Infantry Brigade) - Major Gen. Kawabe)
---- 1st China Stationed Infantry Regiment
---- 2nd China Stationed Infantry Regiment
-- China Stationed Cavalry Unit
-- China Stationed Artillery Regiment
-- China Stationed Engineer Unit
-- China Stationed Tank Unit (17 tanks?)
-- China Stationed Signal Unit
-- Army Hospital
- Sakai Brigade (1st Independent Mixed Brigade)- Lt. Gen Sakai Koji +,***
-- 3rd Tank Battalion (Type 94 Tankettes, Type 95 Light Tanks)
-- 4th Tank Battalion (Type 89, Type 95 Light Tanks)
-- 1st Independent Infantry Regiment
-- 1st Independent Artillery Battalion
-- 1st Independent Engineer Company
- Suzuki Brigade (11th Independent Mixed Brigade)- Gen. Suzuki +
-- 11th Independent Mixed Brigade
-- 12th Independent Infantry Regiment
-- 11th Independent Cavalry Company
-- 11th Independent Field Artillery Regiment
-- 12th Independent Mountain Gun Regiment
-- 11th Independent Engineer Company
-- 11th Independent Transport Company
- Main Force of E. Hopei Army (Chinese Puppet forces) **[2]
-- 1st Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
-- 2nd Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
-- 3rd Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
-- 4th Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
-- Training Corps “Tungchow’” 2,000 men
- Temporary Aviation Army Corps (Rinji Hikodan -Temporary Hikodan). [CDF] [PWf] [4]
-- 1st Army Air Force Battalion (reconnaissance aircraft) Ki-4, Ki-5
-- 2nd Army Air Force Battalion (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 3rd Army Air Force Battalion (long range reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 5th Army Air Force Battalion (light bomber) Ki-2
-- 6th Army Air Force Battalion (large bomber) Ki-2
-- 8th Army Air Force Battalion (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 9th Army Air Force Battalion (light bomber) Ki-1
-- 3rd independent squadron (large bomber)
-- 4th independent squadron (reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 6th independent squadron (reconnaissance aircraft)
-- 9th independent squadron (fighter aircraft) Ki-10
-- 1st, 2nd Airfield companies
-- 8th, 9th Signal platoons
-- 1st Truck Transport Co.
-- 3rd Field aircraft depot
2nd Daitai and the 9th I F Chutai arrived at Fengtian on 24 July, joined on that date by the 8th Daitai from Tachiarai
27 July 1937
Fighters from the 2nd Daitai and the 9th I F Chutai flew a sweep over the Beijing-Tianjin area.
28 July 1937
On 28 July Beijing was lost to the Japanese.
During the day the 8th Daitai moved forward to Tianjin to fly ground support missions, carrying pairs of 30 kg bombs beneath their wings.
At the same time the 2nd Daitai also arrived at Tianjin.
28 July 1937
At dawn the 2nd Daitai was involved in strafing advancing Chinese troops close to their airfield at Tianjin.
- Fighters were: Ki-10's.
- Recon: Ki-4's and Ki.15's
- Light bombers: Ki-1's and Ki.2's
- Heavy bombers: Ki.2's
-
- Hikodan ? Rentai
- Rentai = ? daitai
- Daitai = 2 chutai
- Chutais
-
At the start of the “China Incident” the Army decided to despatch 24 chutais, including five fighter, six reconnaissance, four light bomber and three heavy bomber units. These were all despatched directly after the mobilization on 15 July.
Following this mobilisation from the homeland, Korea and Formosa the Kanto-gun in Manchuria despatched six further chutais comprising two of fighters, two reconnaissance and two of heavy bombers, to northern China. Movement had begun on 9 July, the 1st Daitai of the 16th Rentai (with two Ki-10 fighter chutais) moving from Mudanjing to Shanhaiguan. Two days later the fighters and the heavy bomber units moved to Tianjin.
Thus immediately after the mobilisation the Army had 24 chutais in northern China, 13 in Manchuria and 15 remaining in the homeland, Korea and Formosa.
At the end of August some flying units returned to Manchuria while two chutais each of fighters, reconnaissance aircraft and heavy bombers remained in China, forming a Rinji Hikodan (Temporary Hikodan).
On 22 August the fighter daitai of the 16th Rentai, which formed the fighter element of the Rinji Hikodan, moved to Zhangkai to patrol this area.
Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45
http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
- IJN Second Fleet involved in landings of 5th Division at Ta Ku Kou
– 2nd Fleet - [M144]
-- composition?
Third Fleet was assigned for over-all operations in China. Second Fleet was assigned to escort army transports. With the dispatch of troops to the Tsingtao area, the Second Fleet assumed responsibility for operations in North China waters, while the Third Fleet operated in Central and South China waters. These areas of operation were divided by the Lung-Hai railroad, starting from Hai-chou, and included the area of North China Operations.
100,000 men, 200 Aircraft, 100 Tanks
Notes:
* replaced Gen. Koichiro after his death.
+ Sakai and Suzuki Brigades, from Kwangtung Army were temporarily attached. [PWf]
11th IMB Suzuki Bde later became 26th Div. [PWf]
** E. Hopei Army consisted of these units in May 1937:[2]
- 1st Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 2nd Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- 3rd Corps “Tungchow’” 4,000 men
- 4th Corps ‘Tsunhua” 4,000 men
- Training Corps “Tungchow’” 2,000 men
*** 12 Type 89 Medium Tanks, 13 Type 95 Light Tanks
12 Type 94 Tankettes, 4 Armored Engineer Vehicles[T]
China:
29th Corps - Commander: Sung Che-yuan, [1]
Deputy: Tung Lin-keh
-37th Division
-38th Division
-132nd Division
-143rd Division (Chahar province)
-Hopei Peace Preservation force (Pei-wan)
--2 Brigades - ?
-1 Brigade of 53rd Corps
Aircraft - apparently none [4]
Notes:
- Each Chinese Division in 29th Corps had 3 Infantry Brigades and had an attached indipendant brigade.
- 1 Brigade of 53rd Corps took part in the attack on Feng-tai.
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
[2] Jowett, Phillip S. , Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan’s Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., 26 Willow Rd., Solihul, West Midlands, England.
[M144] Monograph 144 Chapter II http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/monos/144/14 ... 20Incident
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945, discussion about Peiking Tientsin Operation http://www.f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/
[CDF] China Defense Forum: IJA in China orbat, 1937 to 1945
http://www.china-defense.com/forum/inde ... topic=2726
[3] Subunits of Square Divsions from:
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
[4] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
-
Unsere_Freiheit
- Member
- Posts: 266
- Joined: 28 Jan 2004, 12:18
- Location: HK
- Contact:
Leonard,I think if they tried to mobilize all of their forces,it surely took time and of course,it would arouse suspicion and possibly alarmed the Chinese that a Japanese attack would happen very soon, especially if they mobilized their forces near China,surely civilians or spies would report to the KMT.If Japanese is to start a war, why would they mobilize so little of their units? the 5th, 20th divison and the 2nd imb did not join the fight until the end of July 1937. How possibly did they expect to win the war (or even just a limited conflict)? Is it out of arrogance? Or maybe, as some historians suggested, they are not the one who start the fight.
The Japanese wanted to achieve surprise,for that they sacrificed the necessary mobilization of all their forces.
Arrogance may also be an important factor, the Japanese may think their divisions in first-phase can crush Chinese resistance very easily, backed up by other divisions which were to be mobilized later.
Also, Leonard,which part of HK do you live in? I live in Sai Wan 'The western part of HK Island'.
Japanese Build up in China Aug-Sept 1937.
The Japanese quickly built up their forces for two operations in North China:
Peiking –Suiyuan Railway Operation (Early August 1937)[1]
Japan
Peining Railway Garrison Force, Nan-kou Front - Gen. Koyoji Kotouki *
- 5th Division (Square Division) – Gen. Seishiro Itagaki
9th Infantry Brigade
11th Infantry Regiment
41st Infantry Regiment
21st Infantry Brigade
21st Infantry Regiment
42nd Infantry Regiment
5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
5th Cavalry Regiment
5th Engineer Regiment
5th Transport Regiment
3rd or 4th Tank Battalion from Sakai Bde?***
- 11th Independent Mixed Brigade- Gen. Shigiyasu Suzuki *
- 11th Independent Infantry Regiment
- 12th Independent Infantry Regiment
- 11th Independent Cavalry Company
- 11th Independent Field Artillery Regiment
- 12th Independent Mountain Gun Regiment
- 11th Independent Engineer Company
- 11th Independent Transport Company
-Tank Unit – from China Stationed Tank Unit?
Kwangtung Army*
-Chahar Expeditionary Force, Kalgan Front - ?
-- 1st Independent Mixed Brigade (Sakai Bde)- Lt. Gen Sakai Koji)
- 3rd Tank Battalion (Type 94 Tankettes, Type 95 Light Tanks)
- 4th Tank Battalion (Type 89 Med Tanks)
- 1st Independent Infantry Regiment
- 1st Independent Artillery Battalion
- 1st Independent Engineer Company
--2nd Mixed Brigade - ? (from 1st Division) Kwangtung Army)***
- 1st Infantry Regiment
- 3rd Infantry Regiment
- 3rd Battalion/57th Infantry Regiment
- 2nd Co./1st Cavalry Regiment
- 4th Battalion/1st Field Artillery Regiment
- 1st Co./1st Engineer Regiment
--15th Mixed Brigade – ?(from 2nd Division) Kwangtung Army)***
16th Infantry Regiment
30th Infantry Regiment
2nd Cavalry Regiment
2nd Field Artillery Regiment
2nd Engineer Regiment
2nd Transport Regiment
-- Mongolian Army – Prince Teh Wang, Pao Yueh-ching [2]
---1st Cavalry Division
---2nd Cavalry Division
---3rd Cavalry Division
---4th Cavalry Division
---5th Cavalry Division
---6th Cavalry Division
---7th Cavalry Division
---8th Cavalry Division
---9th Cavalry Division
Airforces
- Rinji Hikodan
-- 1st Hiko Daitai/16th Hiko Rentai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
-- Light bomber daitai/16th Hiko Rentai [Type 88 reconnaissance aircraft]
-- 2nd Hiko Daitai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
--8th Hiko Daitai[Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
--12th Hiko Rentai [Mitsubishi Ki-2 Type 94 observation aircraft]
-- Independent 3rd Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Heavy bomber squadron. Ki-2?]
-- Independent 4th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Reconnaissance squadron ]
-- Independent 6th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Reconnaissance squadron ]
-- Independent 9th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
. Northern Peiking – Hankow Railway Operation (August 1937– Jan. 1938)
Japan
North China Front Army – Gen Juichi Terauchi ( Mid August 1937- Dec. 37?) , [1]
- Kawabe Brigade (China Stationed Infantry Brigade) – Major Gen. Shozo Kawabe, [1]
-- 1st China Stationed Infantry Regiment
-- 2nd China Stationed Infantry Regiment
- China Stationed Cavalry Unit
- China Stationed Artillery Regiment
- China Stationed Engineer Unit
- China Stationed Tank Unit (17 tanks?)*
- China Stationed Signal Unit
- Army Hospital
-1st Corps – Gen. Kyoji Kotouki, [1]
-- Composite Regiment of 5th Division *,***, [1]
--- composition ?
-- 14th Division – Gen. Kenji Doihara , [1]
---27th Infantry Brigade
----2nd Infantry Regiment
----59th Infantry Regiment
---28th Infantry Brigade
----15th Infantry Regiment
----50th Infantry Regiment
---20th Field Artillery Regiment
---18th Cavalry Regiment
---14th Engineer Regiment
---14th Transport Regiment
---2nd Tank Battalion – Col. Imada***
-- 6th Division – Gen. ? , [1]
---9th Infantry Brigade
----11th Infantry Regiment
----41st Infantry Regiment
---21st Infantry Brigade
----21st Infantry Regiment
----42nd Infantry Regiment
---5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
---5th Cavalry Regiment
---5th Engineer Regiment
---5th Transport Regiment
-- 20th Division – Gen Josaburo Kamamine **, [1]
---39th Infantry Brigade
----77th Infantry Regiment
----78th Infantry Regiment
---40th Infantry Brigade
----79th Infantry Regiment
----80th Infantry Regiment
---26th Field Artillery Regiment
---28th Cavalry Regiment
---20th Engineer Regiment
---20th Transport Regiment
---1st Tank Battalion – Col. Baba***
-- 108th Division - ? , [1]
---25th Infantry Brigade
----117th Infantry Regiment
----132nd Infantry Regiment
---104th Infantry Brigade
----52nd Infantry Regiment
----105th Infantry Regiment
---108th Field Artillery
---108th Cavalry Regiment
---108th Engineer Regiment
---108th Transport Regiment
- 2nd Corps – Gen. Juzo Nishio (early Oct. 37 from Hsiaofan Chen), [1]
-- 16th Division – Gen. Kesao Nakashima, [1]
---19th Infantry Brigade
----9th Infantry Regiment
----20th Infantry Regiment
---30th Infantry Brigade
----33rd Infantry Regiment
----38th Infantry Regiment
---22nd Field Artillery Regiment
---20th Cavalry Regiment
---16th Engineer Regiment
---16th Transport Regiment
-- 109th Division - ? , [1]
---31st Infantry Brigade
----69th Infantry Regiment
----107th Infantry Regiment
---118th Infantry Brigade
----119th Infantry Regiment
----136th Infantry Regiment
---109th Mountain Artillery Regt
---109th Cavalry Regiment
---109th Engineer Regiment
---109th Transport Regiment
-- 10th Division (Motorized Square Division)– Gen Rinsuke Isoya (arrived Early Sept.)***? , [1]
---8th Infantry Brigade
----39th Infantry Regiment
----40th Infantry Regiment
---33rd Infantry Brigade
----10th Infantry Regiment
----63rd Infantry Regiment
---10th Field Artillery Regiment
---10th Cavalry Regiment
---10th Engineer Regiment
---10th Transport Regiment
Airforce - [2]
Rinji Hikodan
- 1st Hiko Daitai/16th Hiko Rentai - Captain Takeshi Takahashi
-- 1st and 2nd Chutai [Ki-10] - Changpeh (08/37 – 09/37), Hailang (10/37 – 09/38)
-2nd Hiko Daitai - Major Saburo Kondo
-- 2nd Chutai [Ki-10] Tientsin (07/37 – 12/37)
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
[2] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[4] Japanese Square Divisions from Jim Broshot
A version of the 1937 divisional components drawn mainly from Madej's reprint of wartime US intelligence manual.
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
* Main force of the 5th Division was in Shansi
** After the the incident at Lukouchiao (Marco Polo Bridge), the conflict between Japan and China became the overall war. Japan sent two tank battalions to China from Japan proper in Sept. 1937.
1st Tank Battalion – ColBaba
2nd Battalion - Col Imada
Two tank battalions were assigned to the 1st Army in Hebei. The 1st Army started to attack the Chinese in the south of Peking in Sep. 14, and advanced towards south-west. Tanks were used for infantry support and tank battalions were attached to the infantry division. [T]
*** The tanks of 5th Division were sent from the Sakai Brigade and the 1st Tank Battalion was attached to the 20th Division. [T] 2nd Battalion to 14th Division.[Taki on PWf]
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945 http://www.f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/
Then there was the Shanghai area.
Shanghai Campaign (Aug. 11 – Mid Dec. 1937 )[1]
750.000 Chinese and 250.000 Japanese involved. *
Japanese occupied Shanghai.
The battle for Shanghai began on 13 August when Marines of the Japanese Navy clashed with the Chinese Army whilst seeking to protect Japanese interests in Shanghai during mid August.
On 21 August China and the USSR signed a Treaty of Nonaggression and agreements on military-technical assistance.
During the night of 22/23 August the Japanese launched an amphibious operation to relieve the Shanghai garrison and establish a beachhead within which was built an airfield (Kunda airfield).
Japan
Initial Japanese Settlement at Shanghai defense forces Aug. 11. 1937 - Rear Admiral Denshichi Okawachi
- Shanghai Special Naval Landing Force (2,500 men)
-- 1st Battalion +
-- 2nd Battalion
-- 3rd Battalion +
-- 4th Battalion #
-- 9th Battalion +
Prior to hostilities: Total force (2,500 men) [T]@
-Special Naval Landing Force reinforcements as of 8/1/37 from 3rd Fleet units: [M144]
-- 8th Sentai NLF ***
-- 1st Destroyer Sentai NLF ****
-- 3rd Destroyer Sentai NLF
-- Izumo NLF *****
-Special Naval Landing Force reinforcements 8/18-19/37 ++
--5th Battalion (Sasebo 1st SNLF, 16th Destroyer Unit) *, $
--6th Battalion (Kure 2nd SNLF), $
--7th Battalion (Kure 1st SNLF)
--8th Battalion (Yokosuka 1st SNLF, 11th Sentai) **
Total force 8/19/37 (5000 men) [T], [M144], ++ @
- Reservists and volunteers 5,000 men
- Defending the settlement 10,000 men total [1]
- 3rd Fleet : 20+ Warships 5 Transports at Shanghai [1, 3, M144]
– Izumo
- 11th Gunboat Division - Rear Admiral Tanimoto Umataro **, [M144]
-- flagship Yaeyama, Hozu, Futami and Kotaka from Hankow
--Katada, Sumida and Kuri in Shanghai
--Tsuga from Nanking,
--Hasu from Wuhu,
--Atami from Kiukiang,
--Seta from Changsha,
--Toba from Ichang,
--Hira from Chungking
- 8th Sentai Cruiser Division - Rear Admiral Nagumo
--(Kinu, Natori, Yura)
-1st Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Yoshida
--(Sendai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
-- 1st Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Takasu
--- (Hosho) 26 aircraft capacity %1
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- (Ryujo) 48 aircraft capacity %1
---- ? aircraft?
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- 30th Destroyer Group
----(? ) 4 Destroyers
Third Fleet was assigned for over-all operations in China. Second Fleet was assigned to escort army transports. With the dispatch of troops to the Tsingtao area, the Second Fleet assumed responsibility for operations in North China waters, while the Third Fleet operated in Central and South China waters. These areas of operation were divided by the Lung-Hai railroad, starting from Hai-chou, and included the area of North China Operations.
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
Named Japanese ships at Shanghai:
Fleet HQ: Izumo , Notoro. Shanghai SNLF
1st Task Force (Syake flag), (10 Gunboats, Tenryu, Hirado, Togiwa, Zushima, and 5 Destroyers )
3rd Squadron (Naka F), Yura
1st Torpedo Squadron: (Yubari; flagship)
1st Aviation Squadron - (Kaga; flag) Housho and 4 destroyers
[3] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[M144] Monograph 144 Chapter II http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/monos/144/14 ... 20Incident
[Kirk] From: http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/Stor ... 945_ed.htm
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945, discussion about Shanghai Defense force Aug. 11 1937 http://f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/messages/6197.htm
$ http://www.kenware.com/EuropaRing/Glory/wor_dn.htm#Jap
1 Sasebo and 2 Kure SNLF battalions were almost 3_ times their standard size when they went to China in Aug 37.
@ There was a tank company in the the Shanghai SNLF in peacetime. It was disbanded when it was shifted to wartime formation and tanks were dispersed to infantry units. They had Type 89 Medium Tanks, Vickers Crossley Armored Cars, Type 92 Armored Cars, Hokoku Armored Cars and Carden Loyd Mk.VI. [Taki on PWf]
+ The original SNLF Battalions are 1st to 3rd and 9th Battalions. [Taki on PWf]
# 4th Battalion was an artillery unit in the the Shanghai SNLF in peacetime. When the war broke out, it was also disbanded and artillery were dispersed to infantry units. [Taki on PWf]
++ These 5th to 8th Battalions were the first reinforcement Battalions. They arrived Shanghai between Aug. 18th and 19th. [Taki on PWf]
* With the outbreak of the North China Incident, the 16th Destroyer Division was dispatched to the north from South China. Apparently they disgorged their SNLF detachement in Shanghai by Aug 11.
** 11th Sentai NLF landed from 11th Gunboat Division that had gathered in Shanghai by Aug. 11. [M144]
*** 8th Sentai, NLF landed from 8th Cruiser Division anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
**** 1st Destroyer Sentai NLF landed from 1st Destroyer Division anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
***** Izumo NLF Landed from Battleship Izumo (flagship of 3rd Fleet) anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
Japan later Build up Aug and Sept. 1937.
Shanghai Expeditionary Force – Gen. Sekikon Matsui (From Aug. 16th 1937)
- 5th Tank Battalion - Colonel Hosomi**
- 7th Independent machine gun brigade? battalion? [CDF]
- 8th Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk] [CDF]
- 9th Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk] [Taki/ PWf]
- ? Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk]
- 10th Feild Heavy Artillery Regiment[CDF] [Taki/ PWf]
-- 24 Type 4 150mm Howitzers [Taki/ PWf]
- 4th Army Mortar Battalion? [CDF]
-- 150mm mortars(1887) [Taki/ PWf]
- Field operation anti-aircraft artillery 3 row [CDF]
- Field air defense team 3rd Battery? [CDF] - 8th Independent Army Engineer Regiment[CDF]
- 6th Independent air squadron [CDF]
- Shanghai dispatch signal communication unit [CDF] - 5th Independent heavy artillery Brigade? [CDF]
-- 48 150mm Howitzers?
- 6th Independent heavy artillery Brigade? [CDF] [Taki/ PWf]
-- 13th Field Heavy Artillery Regiments, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers.
-- 14th Field Heavy Artillery Regiments, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers.
- Army Logistics depot [CDF]
- 3rd Division - Gen. ? (landing Aug.22nd)
--5th Infantry Brigade
--- 6th Infantry Regiment
--- 68th Infantry Regiment
--29th Infantry Brigade
--- 18th Infantry Regiment
--- 34th Infantry Regiment
-- 3rd Field Artillery Regiment
-- 3rd Cavalry Regiment
-- 3rd Engineer Regiment
-- 3rd Transport Regiment
-- 9th Division - Gen. ? (landing reinforcements late Aug.)
--- 6th Infantry Brigade
---- 7th Infantry Regiment
---- 35th Infantry Regiment
---18th Infantry Brigade
---- 19th Infantry Regiment
---- 36th Infantry Regiment
--- 9th Mountain Artillery Regiment
--- 9th Cavalry Regiment
--- 9th Engineer Regiment
--- 9th Transport Regiment
-- 11th Division - Gen. ? (landing Aug.22nd)
--- 10th Infantry Brigade
---- 12th Infantry Regiment
---- 22nd Infantry Regiment
--- 22nd Infantry Brigade
---- 43rd Infantry Regiment
---- 44th Infantry Regiment
--- 11th Mountain Artillery Regiment
--- 11th Cavalry Regiment
--- 11th Engineer Regiment
--- 11th Transport Regiment
-- 13th Division - Gen. ? (landing reinforcements late Aug.)
--- 26th Infantry Brigade
---- 58th Infantry Regiment
---- 116th Infantry Regiment
--- 103rd Infantry Brigade
---- 65th Infantry Regiment
---- 104th Infantry Regiment
--- 19th Mountain Artilley Regiment
--- 17th Cavalry Regiment
--- 13th Engineer Regiment
--- 13th Transport Regiment
-- 16th Division – Gen. Kesao Nakashima (from N. China Nov 12/37, land Pai mao kou)
--- 19th Infantry Brigade
---- 9th Infantry Regiment
---- 20th Infantry Regiment
--- 30th Infantry Brigade
---- 33rd Infantry Regiment
---- 38th Infantry Regiment
--- 22nd Field Artillery Regiment
--- 20th Cavalry Regiment
--- 16th Engineer Regiment
--- 16th Transport Regiment
-- 101st Division - Gen. ? (arrived Sept 7-16)
--- 101st Infantry Brigade
---- 101st Infantry Regiment
---- 149th Infantry Regiment
--- 102nd Infantry Brigade
---- 103rd Infantry Regiment
---- 157th Infantry Regiment
--- 101st Field Artillery Regiment
--- 101st Cavalry Regiment
--- 101st Engineer Regiment
--- 101st Transport Regiment
--Shigeto Detachment, regiment sized, was later expanded into the Formosa Mixed Brigade. [Taki/ PWf] (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
-- Formosa Brigade - Gen. Shigeto? (Nov. 12/37, landed at Pai mao kou) [a]
--- 1st Formosa Infantry Rgt
--- 2nd Formosa Infantry Rgt.
--- Formosa artillery Btn.?
--- Formosa engineer Btn.
--- Formosa Transport Rgt.
Units with Shanghai Expeditionary Force of unknown composition according to [1]:
- ? Manchukuoan Bde. - Li Chung-shan (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
- ? Manchukuoan Bde. - Yu Chih-shan (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
- SNLF force - ? (arrived Sept 7-16?)
-- composition?
- 1 puppet (Manchukuoan?) Bde. Pacification Corps - ?
-- composition?
- 1st Reserve Inf. Regt. [1]
- 2nd Reserve Inf. Regt. [Kirk]
- three independent light tank battalions(companies?) [Kirk] (8th , 9th? , ?)
- 3rd Army Air Force Division - Gen. ? [3]
- Special Air Group %[3]
-- 1st United Kokutai [1st Rengo Kokutai] 1st Rengo Kokutai (Combined ----- Air Group) advanced to the base at Taipei, Taiwan.
--- Kisarazu Kokutai -? Cheju-Do, Korea
---- ? Fighter Daitai - Type 95 carrier fighters (Nakajima A4N1)?
---- ? Bomber Daitai - Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell"
---- ? Attack Daitai 7+ Type 95 land-based attack aircraft Hiro G2H1
---- The Kisarazu Kokutai lost one Hiro G2H1 (Type 95 land-based attack ---- aircraft) (of a total of seven G2H1s) when they flew to Cheju-Do ----- during August.
--- Kanoya Kokutai -?
---- In August the Kanoya Kokutai was integrated into the 1st Rengo
---- Kokutai (Combined Air Group)and advanced to the base at Taipei.
---- ? aircraft
---- ? Fighter Daitai - Nakajima A4N1 [3]
---- ? Bomber Daitai
----- 9 Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell" Lieutenant Commander Nitta [3]
----- 9 Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell" Lieutenant Commander Asano [3]
-- 2nd United Kokutai [2nd Rengo Kokutai] - Chowshihtze
On 7 August the unit advanced to the Chowshihtze (Shusuishi) airport in Luda (Dairen) where it was engaged in convoy escort duties.
---12th Kokutai - ?
--- On 11 July the 12th Kokutai was immediately posted to the 2nd Rengo --- Kokutai (Combined Air Group). As the war situation in the Shanghai area became more critical, the 12th Kokutai was posted to the 3rd Fleet on 5 September and advanced to the Kunda base in Shanghai. The unit was employed in ground support and air defense operations.
---- ? Fighter Daitai 12 Type 95 carrier fighters (Nakajima A4N1),
---- ? Bomber Daitai 12 Type 94 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A1)
---- ? Attack Daitai 12 Type 92 carrier attack aircraft (Yokosuka B3Y1)
---13th Kokutai? -?
--- On 7 August the unit advanced to the Chowshihtze (Shusuishi)
---airport in Luda (Dairen) but returned to its own base by the end of ---August. On 5 September the 13th Kokutai also received orders to move to Shanghai. On 9 September the unit deployed via Cheju Island to the Kunda airfield in Shanghai, then under bombardment. For a few days the unit was engaged in strafing enemy ground forces in the vicinity of the air base.
---- ? Fighter Daitai 12 Type 96 carrier fighters (Mitsubishi A5M)
---- ? Bomber Daitai 6 Type 96 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A2)
---- ? Attack Daitai 12 Type 96 carrier attack (Yokosuka B4Y1).
-- 21st Kokutai
--- ? aircraft? Recon Nakajima E8N[3]
-- 22nd Kokutai
--- ? aircraft? Recon Nakajima E8N[3]
-- 23rd Kokutai
--- ? aircraft?
-- 12th Sentai - Rear Admiral Miyata
---(Okinoshima)
---(Kamoi[seaplane tender])
---- 12 NAKAJIMA TYPE 95 RECON SEAPLANE (E8N1-DAVE)
--- 28th Destroyer Group
---- ( ?) 4 Destroyers
-- 1st Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Takasu
--- (Hosho) 26 aircraft capacity %1
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- (Ryujo) 48 aircraft capacity %1
---- ? aircraft?
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- 30th Destroyer Group
----(? ) 4 Destroyers
-- 2nd Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Horie
--- (Kaga) 90 aircraft capacity [%1]
----- Fighter daitai - 16 Nakajima A2N , ? Type 95 Mitsubishi A5M )[3]
---- Bomber Daitai - 14 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A1s, A2's)
---- Attack daitai - 22 Mitsubishi B2M,
? Type 96 Yokosuka B4Y1 Torpedo bomber [3]
--- 22nd Destroyer Group
---- (? )4 Destroyers
% Air group was temporarily formed and attached to 3rd Fleet.
%1 1http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0201.htm 26 plane capacity.
200000men, 300+guns, 300 tanks?, 200 planes [1]
3rd Fleet:– Vice Admiral Hasegawa
- (Izumo - flagship of 3rd Fleet)
- 8th Sentai - Rear Admiral Nagumo
--(Kinu, Natori, Yura)
- 9th Sentai - Rear Admiral Kobayashi
--(Myoko, Tama)
- 10th Sentai - Rear Admiral Shimomura
--(Tenryu, Tatsuta)
- 11th Sentai - Rear Admiral Tanimoto
-- 13 gunboats:
-- flagship Yaeyama, Hozu, Futami and Kotaka from Hankow,
-- Katada, Sumida and Kuri in Shanghai,
-- Tsuga from Nanking,
-- Hasu from Wuhu,
-- Atami from Kiukiang,
-- Seta from Changsha,
-- Toba from Ichang,
-- Hira from Chungking
- 1st Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Yoshida
--(Sendai)
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
- 3rd Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Kondo
-- (Kitakami)
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
- 5th Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Okuma
-- (Yubari)
--- 16th Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
-1st Submarine Sentai - Rear Admiral Komatsu
--(Isuzu)and 2 submarine groups) Subs: #'s I-1, I-3, I-4 , I-5, I-6 , ?
-- 7th Submarine Group (Tai) - Cdr;Cpt.Mito Hisashi; [Taki / PWf]
--- ?
-- 8th Submarine Group (Tai) - Cpt.Akiyama Katsuzo; [Taki / PWf]
-- ?
- 1st Minesweeper Group (Tai)
-- ?
- 11th Minesweeper Group (Tai)
-- ?
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
Named Japanese ships at Shanghai:
Fleet HQ: Izumo , Notoro. Shanghai SNLF
1st Task Force (Syake flag), (10 Gunboats, Tenryu, Hirado, Togiwa, Zushima, and 5 Destroyers )
3rd Squadron (Naka F), Yura
1st Torpedo Squadron: (Yubari; flagship)
1st Aviation Squadron - (Kaga; flag) Housho and 4 destroyers
After hostilities
Izumo and 16th Destroyer Squadron
1sth Security Force 11th Squadron
2nd Sec.urity Force 8th Squadron and 1st Torpedo Squadron
[a] http://www.kenware.com/EuropaRing/Glory/wor_dn.htm#Jap
The Formosa Brigade: At 13,000 men, 2 over-strength infantry regiments, and a full mountain artillery regiment of 36 guns, this unit was functionally a division when it arrives in China in Nov 37.
[3] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[4] Japanese Square Divisions from Jim Broshot
A version of the 1937 divisional components drawn mainly from Madej's reprint of wartime US intelligence manual.
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
Peiking –Suiyuan Railway Operation (Early August 1937)[1]
Japan
Peining Railway Garrison Force, Nan-kou Front - Gen. Koyoji Kotouki *
- 5th Division (Square Division) – Gen. Seishiro Itagaki
9th Infantry Brigade
11th Infantry Regiment
41st Infantry Regiment
21st Infantry Brigade
21st Infantry Regiment
42nd Infantry Regiment
5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
5th Cavalry Regiment
5th Engineer Regiment
5th Transport Regiment
3rd or 4th Tank Battalion from Sakai Bde?***
- 11th Independent Mixed Brigade- Gen. Shigiyasu Suzuki *
- 11th Independent Infantry Regiment
- 12th Independent Infantry Regiment
- 11th Independent Cavalry Company
- 11th Independent Field Artillery Regiment
- 12th Independent Mountain Gun Regiment
- 11th Independent Engineer Company
- 11th Independent Transport Company
-Tank Unit – from China Stationed Tank Unit?
Kwangtung Army*
-Chahar Expeditionary Force, Kalgan Front - ?
-- 1st Independent Mixed Brigade (Sakai Bde)- Lt. Gen Sakai Koji)
- 3rd Tank Battalion (Type 94 Tankettes, Type 95 Light Tanks)
- 4th Tank Battalion (Type 89 Med Tanks)
- 1st Independent Infantry Regiment
- 1st Independent Artillery Battalion
- 1st Independent Engineer Company
--2nd Mixed Brigade - ? (from 1st Division) Kwangtung Army)***
- 1st Infantry Regiment
- 3rd Infantry Regiment
- 3rd Battalion/57th Infantry Regiment
- 2nd Co./1st Cavalry Regiment
- 4th Battalion/1st Field Artillery Regiment
- 1st Co./1st Engineer Regiment
--15th Mixed Brigade – ?(from 2nd Division) Kwangtung Army)***
16th Infantry Regiment
30th Infantry Regiment
2nd Cavalry Regiment
2nd Field Artillery Regiment
2nd Engineer Regiment
2nd Transport Regiment
-- Mongolian Army – Prince Teh Wang, Pao Yueh-ching [2]
---1st Cavalry Division
---2nd Cavalry Division
---3rd Cavalry Division
---4th Cavalry Division
---5th Cavalry Division
---6th Cavalry Division
---7th Cavalry Division
---8th Cavalry Division
---9th Cavalry Division
Airforces
- Rinji Hikodan
-- 1st Hiko Daitai/16th Hiko Rentai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
-- Light bomber daitai/16th Hiko Rentai [Type 88 reconnaissance aircraft]
-- 2nd Hiko Daitai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
--8th Hiko Daitai[Kawasaki Ki-10]
---1st Chutai
---2nd Chutai
--12th Hiko Rentai [Mitsubishi Ki-2 Type 94 observation aircraft]
-- Independent 3rd Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Heavy bomber squadron. Ki-2?]
-- Independent 4th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Reconnaissance squadron ]
-- Independent 6th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Reconnaissance squadron ]
-- Independent 9th Dokuritsu Hiko Chutai [Kawasaki Ki-10]
. Northern Peiking – Hankow Railway Operation (August 1937– Jan. 1938)
Japan
North China Front Army – Gen Juichi Terauchi ( Mid August 1937- Dec. 37?) , [1]
- Kawabe Brigade (China Stationed Infantry Brigade) – Major Gen. Shozo Kawabe, [1]
-- 1st China Stationed Infantry Regiment
-- 2nd China Stationed Infantry Regiment
- China Stationed Cavalry Unit
- China Stationed Artillery Regiment
- China Stationed Engineer Unit
- China Stationed Tank Unit (17 tanks?)*
- China Stationed Signal Unit
- Army Hospital
-1st Corps – Gen. Kyoji Kotouki, [1]
-- Composite Regiment of 5th Division *,***, [1]
--- composition ?
-- 14th Division – Gen. Kenji Doihara , [1]
---27th Infantry Brigade
----2nd Infantry Regiment
----59th Infantry Regiment
---28th Infantry Brigade
----15th Infantry Regiment
----50th Infantry Regiment
---20th Field Artillery Regiment
---18th Cavalry Regiment
---14th Engineer Regiment
---14th Transport Regiment
---2nd Tank Battalion – Col. Imada***
-- 6th Division – Gen. ? , [1]
---9th Infantry Brigade
----11th Infantry Regiment
----41st Infantry Regiment
---21st Infantry Brigade
----21st Infantry Regiment
----42nd Infantry Regiment
---5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
---5th Cavalry Regiment
---5th Engineer Regiment
---5th Transport Regiment
-- 20th Division – Gen Josaburo Kamamine **, [1]
---39th Infantry Brigade
----77th Infantry Regiment
----78th Infantry Regiment
---40th Infantry Brigade
----79th Infantry Regiment
----80th Infantry Regiment
---26th Field Artillery Regiment
---28th Cavalry Regiment
---20th Engineer Regiment
---20th Transport Regiment
---1st Tank Battalion – Col. Baba***
-- 108th Division - ? , [1]
---25th Infantry Brigade
----117th Infantry Regiment
----132nd Infantry Regiment
---104th Infantry Brigade
----52nd Infantry Regiment
----105th Infantry Regiment
---108th Field Artillery
---108th Cavalry Regiment
---108th Engineer Regiment
---108th Transport Regiment
- 2nd Corps – Gen. Juzo Nishio (early Oct. 37 from Hsiaofan Chen), [1]
-- 16th Division – Gen. Kesao Nakashima, [1]
---19th Infantry Brigade
----9th Infantry Regiment
----20th Infantry Regiment
---30th Infantry Brigade
----33rd Infantry Regiment
----38th Infantry Regiment
---22nd Field Artillery Regiment
---20th Cavalry Regiment
---16th Engineer Regiment
---16th Transport Regiment
-- 109th Division - ? , [1]
---31st Infantry Brigade
----69th Infantry Regiment
----107th Infantry Regiment
---118th Infantry Brigade
----119th Infantry Regiment
----136th Infantry Regiment
---109th Mountain Artillery Regt
---109th Cavalry Regiment
---109th Engineer Regiment
---109th Transport Regiment
-- 10th Division (Motorized Square Division)– Gen Rinsuke Isoya (arrived Early Sept.)***? , [1]
---8th Infantry Brigade
----39th Infantry Regiment
----40th Infantry Regiment
---33rd Infantry Brigade
----10th Infantry Regiment
----63rd Infantry Regiment
---10th Field Artillery Regiment
---10th Cavalry Regiment
---10th Engineer Regiment
---10th Transport Regiment
Airforce - [2]
Rinji Hikodan
- 1st Hiko Daitai/16th Hiko Rentai - Captain Takeshi Takahashi
-- 1st and 2nd Chutai [Ki-10] - Changpeh (08/37 – 09/37), Hailang (10/37 – 09/38)
-2nd Hiko Daitai - Major Saburo Kondo
-- 2nd Chutai [Ki-10] Tientsin (07/37 – 12/37)
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
[2] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[4] Japanese Square Divisions from Jim Broshot
A version of the 1937 divisional components drawn mainly from Madej's reprint of wartime US intelligence manual.
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
* Main force of the 5th Division was in Shansi
** After the the incident at Lukouchiao (Marco Polo Bridge), the conflict between Japan and China became the overall war. Japan sent two tank battalions to China from Japan proper in Sept. 1937.
1st Tank Battalion – ColBaba
2nd Battalion - Col Imada
Two tank battalions were assigned to the 1st Army in Hebei. The 1st Army started to attack the Chinese in the south of Peking in Sep. 14, and advanced towards south-west. Tanks were used for infantry support and tank battalions were attached to the infantry division. [T]
*** The tanks of 5th Division were sent from the Sakai Brigade and the 1st Tank Battalion was attached to the 20th Division. [T] 2nd Battalion to 14th Division.[Taki on PWf]
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945 http://www.f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/
Then there was the Shanghai area.
Shanghai Campaign (Aug. 11 – Mid Dec. 1937 )[1]
750.000 Chinese and 250.000 Japanese involved. *
Japanese occupied Shanghai.
The battle for Shanghai began on 13 August when Marines of the Japanese Navy clashed with the Chinese Army whilst seeking to protect Japanese interests in Shanghai during mid August.
On 21 August China and the USSR signed a Treaty of Nonaggression and agreements on military-technical assistance.
During the night of 22/23 August the Japanese launched an amphibious operation to relieve the Shanghai garrison and establish a beachhead within which was built an airfield (Kunda airfield).
Japan
Initial Japanese Settlement at Shanghai defense forces Aug. 11. 1937 - Rear Admiral Denshichi Okawachi
- Shanghai Special Naval Landing Force (2,500 men)
-- 1st Battalion +
-- 2nd Battalion
-- 3rd Battalion +
-- 4th Battalion #
-- 9th Battalion +
Prior to hostilities: Total force (2,500 men) [T]@
-Special Naval Landing Force reinforcements as of 8/1/37 from 3rd Fleet units: [M144]
-- 8th Sentai NLF ***
-- 1st Destroyer Sentai NLF ****
-- 3rd Destroyer Sentai NLF
-- Izumo NLF *****
-Special Naval Landing Force reinforcements 8/18-19/37 ++
--5th Battalion (Sasebo 1st SNLF, 16th Destroyer Unit) *, $
--6th Battalion (Kure 2nd SNLF), $
--7th Battalion (Kure 1st SNLF)
--8th Battalion (Yokosuka 1st SNLF, 11th Sentai) **
Total force 8/19/37 (5000 men) [T], [M144], ++ @
- Reservists and volunteers 5,000 men
- Defending the settlement 10,000 men total [1]
- 3rd Fleet : 20+ Warships 5 Transports at Shanghai [1, 3, M144]
– Izumo
- 11th Gunboat Division - Rear Admiral Tanimoto Umataro **, [M144]
-- flagship Yaeyama, Hozu, Futami and Kotaka from Hankow
--Katada, Sumida and Kuri in Shanghai
--Tsuga from Nanking,
--Hasu from Wuhu,
--Atami from Kiukiang,
--Seta from Changsha,
--Toba from Ichang,
--Hira from Chungking
- 8th Sentai Cruiser Division - Rear Admiral Nagumo
--(Kinu, Natori, Yura)
-1st Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Yoshida
--(Sendai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
--- ships? Destroyer Group (Tai)
-- 1st Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Takasu
--- (Hosho) 26 aircraft capacity %1
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- (Ryujo) 48 aircraft capacity %1
---- ? aircraft?
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- 30th Destroyer Group
----(? ) 4 Destroyers
Third Fleet was assigned for over-all operations in China. Second Fleet was assigned to escort army transports. With the dispatch of troops to the Tsingtao area, the Second Fleet assumed responsibility for operations in North China waters, while the Third Fleet operated in Central and South China waters. These areas of operation were divided by the Lung-Hai railroad, starting from Hai-chou, and included the area of North China Operations.
Sources:
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
Named Japanese ships at Shanghai:
Fleet HQ: Izumo , Notoro. Shanghai SNLF
1st Task Force (Syake flag), (10 Gunboats, Tenryu, Hirado, Togiwa, Zushima, and 5 Destroyers )
3rd Squadron (Naka F), Yura
1st Torpedo Squadron: (Yubari; flagship)
1st Aviation Squadron - (Kaga; flag) Housho and 4 destroyers
[3] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[M144] Monograph 144 Chapter II http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/monos/144/14 ... 20Incident
[Kirk] From: http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/Stor ... 945_ed.htm
[T] Taki’s IMPERIAL JAPANESE ARMY PAGE http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/
[PWf] Forum: Pacific War 1941-1945, discussion about Shanghai Defense force Aug. 11 1937 http://f16.parsimony.net/forum27947/messages/6197.htm
$ http://www.kenware.com/EuropaRing/Glory/wor_dn.htm#Jap
1 Sasebo and 2 Kure SNLF battalions were almost 3_ times their standard size when they went to China in Aug 37.
@ There was a tank company in the the Shanghai SNLF in peacetime. It was disbanded when it was shifted to wartime formation and tanks were dispersed to infantry units. They had Type 89 Medium Tanks, Vickers Crossley Armored Cars, Type 92 Armored Cars, Hokoku Armored Cars and Carden Loyd Mk.VI. [Taki on PWf]
+ The original SNLF Battalions are 1st to 3rd and 9th Battalions. [Taki on PWf]
# 4th Battalion was an artillery unit in the the Shanghai SNLF in peacetime. When the war broke out, it was also disbanded and artillery were dispersed to infantry units. [Taki on PWf]
++ These 5th to 8th Battalions were the first reinforcement Battalions. They arrived Shanghai between Aug. 18th and 19th. [Taki on PWf]
* With the outbreak of the North China Incident, the 16th Destroyer Division was dispatched to the north from South China. Apparently they disgorged their SNLF detachement in Shanghai by Aug 11.
** 11th Sentai NLF landed from 11th Gunboat Division that had gathered in Shanghai by Aug. 11. [M144]
*** 8th Sentai, NLF landed from 8th Cruiser Division anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
**** 1st Destroyer Sentai NLF landed from 1st Destroyer Division anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
***** Izumo NLF Landed from Battleship Izumo (flagship of 3rd Fleet) anchored at Shanghai Aug. 11. [M144]
Japan later Build up Aug and Sept. 1937.
Shanghai Expeditionary Force – Gen. Sekikon Matsui (From Aug. 16th 1937)
- 5th Tank Battalion - Colonel Hosomi**
- 7th Independent machine gun brigade? battalion? [CDF]
- 8th Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk] [CDF]
- 9th Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk] [Taki/ PWf]
- ? Independent Light Armor Company [Kirk]
- 10th Feild Heavy Artillery Regiment[CDF] [Taki/ PWf]
-- 24 Type 4 150mm Howitzers [Taki/ PWf]
- 4th Army Mortar Battalion? [CDF]
-- 150mm mortars(1887) [Taki/ PWf]
- Field operation anti-aircraft artillery 3 row [CDF]
- Field air defense team 3rd Battery? [CDF] - 8th Independent Army Engineer Regiment[CDF]
- 6th Independent air squadron [CDF]
- Shanghai dispatch signal communication unit [CDF] - 5th Independent heavy artillery Brigade? [CDF]
-- 48 150mm Howitzers?
- 6th Independent heavy artillery Brigade? [CDF] [Taki/ PWf]
-- 13th Field Heavy Artillery Regiments, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers.
-- 14th Field Heavy Artillery Regiments, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers.
- Army Logistics depot [CDF]
- 3rd Division - Gen. ? (landing Aug.22nd)
--5th Infantry Brigade
--- 6th Infantry Regiment
--- 68th Infantry Regiment
--29th Infantry Brigade
--- 18th Infantry Regiment
--- 34th Infantry Regiment
-- 3rd Field Artillery Regiment
-- 3rd Cavalry Regiment
-- 3rd Engineer Regiment
-- 3rd Transport Regiment
-- 9th Division - Gen. ? (landing reinforcements late Aug.)
--- 6th Infantry Brigade
---- 7th Infantry Regiment
---- 35th Infantry Regiment
---18th Infantry Brigade
---- 19th Infantry Regiment
---- 36th Infantry Regiment
--- 9th Mountain Artillery Regiment
--- 9th Cavalry Regiment
--- 9th Engineer Regiment
--- 9th Transport Regiment
-- 11th Division - Gen. ? (landing Aug.22nd)
--- 10th Infantry Brigade
---- 12th Infantry Regiment
---- 22nd Infantry Regiment
--- 22nd Infantry Brigade
---- 43rd Infantry Regiment
---- 44th Infantry Regiment
--- 11th Mountain Artillery Regiment
--- 11th Cavalry Regiment
--- 11th Engineer Regiment
--- 11th Transport Regiment
-- 13th Division - Gen. ? (landing reinforcements late Aug.)
--- 26th Infantry Brigade
---- 58th Infantry Regiment
---- 116th Infantry Regiment
--- 103rd Infantry Brigade
---- 65th Infantry Regiment
---- 104th Infantry Regiment
--- 19th Mountain Artilley Regiment
--- 17th Cavalry Regiment
--- 13th Engineer Regiment
--- 13th Transport Regiment
-- 16th Division – Gen. Kesao Nakashima (from N. China Nov 12/37, land Pai mao kou)
--- 19th Infantry Brigade
---- 9th Infantry Regiment
---- 20th Infantry Regiment
--- 30th Infantry Brigade
---- 33rd Infantry Regiment
---- 38th Infantry Regiment
--- 22nd Field Artillery Regiment
--- 20th Cavalry Regiment
--- 16th Engineer Regiment
--- 16th Transport Regiment
-- 101st Division - Gen. ? (arrived Sept 7-16)
--- 101st Infantry Brigade
---- 101st Infantry Regiment
---- 149th Infantry Regiment
--- 102nd Infantry Brigade
---- 103rd Infantry Regiment
---- 157th Infantry Regiment
--- 101st Field Artillery Regiment
--- 101st Cavalry Regiment
--- 101st Engineer Regiment
--- 101st Transport Regiment
--Shigeto Detachment, regiment sized, was later expanded into the Formosa Mixed Brigade. [Taki/ PWf] (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
-- Formosa Brigade - Gen. Shigeto? (Nov. 12/37, landed at Pai mao kou) [a]
--- 1st Formosa Infantry Rgt
--- 2nd Formosa Infantry Rgt.
--- Formosa artillery Btn.?
--- Formosa engineer Btn.
--- Formosa Transport Rgt.
Units with Shanghai Expeditionary Force of unknown composition according to [1]:
- ? Manchukuoan Bde. - Li Chung-shan (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
- ? Manchukuoan Bde. - Yu Chih-shan (arrived Sept 7-16)
-- composition?
- SNLF force - ? (arrived Sept 7-16?)
-- composition?
- 1 puppet (Manchukuoan?) Bde. Pacification Corps - ?
-- composition?
- 1st Reserve Inf. Regt. [1]
- 2nd Reserve Inf. Regt. [Kirk]
- three independent light tank battalions(companies?) [Kirk] (8th , 9th? , ?)
- 3rd Army Air Force Division - Gen. ? [3]
- Special Air Group %[3]
-- 1st United Kokutai [1st Rengo Kokutai] 1st Rengo Kokutai (Combined ----- Air Group) advanced to the base at Taipei, Taiwan.
--- Kisarazu Kokutai -? Cheju-Do, Korea
---- ? Fighter Daitai - Type 95 carrier fighters (Nakajima A4N1)?
---- ? Bomber Daitai - Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell"
---- ? Attack Daitai 7+ Type 95 land-based attack aircraft Hiro G2H1
---- The Kisarazu Kokutai lost one Hiro G2H1 (Type 95 land-based attack ---- aircraft) (of a total of seven G2H1s) when they flew to Cheju-Do ----- during August.
--- Kanoya Kokutai -?
---- In August the Kanoya Kokutai was integrated into the 1st Rengo
---- Kokutai (Combined Air Group)and advanced to the base at Taipei.
---- ? aircraft
---- ? Fighter Daitai - Nakajima A4N1 [3]
---- ? Bomber Daitai
----- 9 Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell" Lieutenant Commander Nitta [3]
----- 9 Mitsubishi G3M Bomber "Nell" Lieutenant Commander Asano [3]
-- 2nd United Kokutai [2nd Rengo Kokutai] - Chowshihtze
On 7 August the unit advanced to the Chowshihtze (Shusuishi) airport in Luda (Dairen) where it was engaged in convoy escort duties.
---12th Kokutai - ?
--- On 11 July the 12th Kokutai was immediately posted to the 2nd Rengo --- Kokutai (Combined Air Group). As the war situation in the Shanghai area became more critical, the 12th Kokutai was posted to the 3rd Fleet on 5 September and advanced to the Kunda base in Shanghai. The unit was employed in ground support and air defense operations.
---- ? Fighter Daitai 12 Type 95 carrier fighters (Nakajima A4N1),
---- ? Bomber Daitai 12 Type 94 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A1)
---- ? Attack Daitai 12 Type 92 carrier attack aircraft (Yokosuka B3Y1)
---13th Kokutai? -?
--- On 7 August the unit advanced to the Chowshihtze (Shusuishi)
---airport in Luda (Dairen) but returned to its own base by the end of ---August. On 5 September the 13th Kokutai also received orders to move to Shanghai. On 9 September the unit deployed via Cheju Island to the Kunda airfield in Shanghai, then under bombardment. For a few days the unit was engaged in strafing enemy ground forces in the vicinity of the air base.
---- ? Fighter Daitai 12 Type 96 carrier fighters (Mitsubishi A5M)
---- ? Bomber Daitai 6 Type 96 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A2)
---- ? Attack Daitai 12 Type 96 carrier attack (Yokosuka B4Y1).
-- 21st Kokutai
--- ? aircraft? Recon Nakajima E8N[3]
-- 22nd Kokutai
--- ? aircraft? Recon Nakajima E8N[3]
-- 23rd Kokutai
--- ? aircraft?
-- 12th Sentai - Rear Admiral Miyata
---(Okinoshima)
---(Kamoi[seaplane tender])
---- 12 NAKAJIMA TYPE 95 RECON SEAPLANE (E8N1-DAVE)
--- 28th Destroyer Group
---- ( ?) 4 Destroyers
-- 1st Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Takasu
--- (Hosho) 26 aircraft capacity %1
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- (Ryujo) 48 aircraft capacity %1
---- ? aircraft?
----- Fighter Daitai - ? Nakajima A2N [3]
----- Bomber Daitai - ?
----- Attack Daitai - ?
--- 30th Destroyer Group
----(? ) 4 Destroyers
-- 2nd Air Sentai - Rear Admiral Horie
--- (Kaga) 90 aircraft capacity [%1]
----- Fighter daitai - 16 Nakajima A2N , ? Type 95 Mitsubishi A5M )[3]
---- Bomber Daitai - 14 carrier bombers (Aichi D1A1s, A2's)
---- Attack daitai - 22 Mitsubishi B2M,
? Type 96 Yokosuka B4Y1 Torpedo bomber [3]
--- 22nd Destroyer Group
---- (? )4 Destroyers
% Air group was temporarily formed and attached to 3rd Fleet.
%1 1http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0201.htm 26 plane capacity.
200000men, 300+guns, 300 tanks?, 200 planes [1]
3rd Fleet:– Vice Admiral Hasegawa
- (Izumo - flagship of 3rd Fleet)
- 8th Sentai - Rear Admiral Nagumo
--(Kinu, Natori, Yura)
- 9th Sentai - Rear Admiral Kobayashi
--(Myoko, Tama)
- 10th Sentai - Rear Admiral Shimomura
--(Tenryu, Tatsuta)
- 11th Sentai - Rear Admiral Tanimoto
-- 13 gunboats:
-- flagship Yaeyama, Hozu, Futami and Kotaka from Hankow,
-- Katada, Sumida and Kuri in Shanghai,
-- Tsuga from Nanking,
-- Hasu from Wuhu,
-- Atami from Kiukiang,
-- Seta from Changsha,
-- Toba from Ichang,
-- Hira from Chungking
- 1st Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Yoshida
--(Sendai)
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
- 3rd Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Kondo
-- (Kitakami)
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
- 5th Destroyer Sentai - Rear Admiral Okuma
-- (Yubari)
--- 16th Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
--- ? Destroyer Group (Tai) 4 Destroyers
-1st Submarine Sentai - Rear Admiral Komatsu
--(Isuzu)and 2 submarine groups) Subs: #'s I-1, I-3, I-4 , I-5, I-6 , ?
-- 7th Submarine Group (Tai) - Cdr;Cpt.Mito Hisashi; [Taki / PWf]
--- ?
-- 8th Submarine Group (Tai) - Cpt.Akiyama Katsuzo; [Taki / PWf]
-- ?
- 1st Minesweeper Group (Tai)
-- ?
- 11th Minesweeper Group (Tai)
-- ?
[1] Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed. ,1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung , Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China.
Named Japanese ships at Shanghai:
Fleet HQ: Izumo , Notoro. Shanghai SNLF
1st Task Force (Syake flag), (10 Gunboats, Tenryu, Hirado, Togiwa, Zushima, and 5 Destroyers )
3rd Squadron (Naka F), Yura
1st Torpedo Squadron: (Yubari; flagship)
1st Aviation Squadron - (Kaga; flag) Housho and 4 destroyers
After hostilities
Izumo and 16th Destroyer Squadron
1sth Security Force 11th Squadron
2nd Sec.urity Force 8th Squadron and 1st Torpedo Squadron
[a] http://www.kenware.com/EuropaRing/Glory/wor_dn.htm#Jap
The Formosa Brigade: At 13,000 men, 2 over-strength infantry regiments, and a full mountain artillery regiment of 36 guns, this unit was functionally a division when it arrives in China in Nov 37.
[3] Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45 http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese.htm
[4] Japanese Square Divisions from Jim Broshot
A version of the 1937 divisional components drawn mainly from Madej's reprint of wartime US intelligence manual.
Madej, W. Victor
Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols]
Allentown, PA: 1981
To asiaticus:
Thanks for the very detail data! Some comments here:
1. The 3rd or 4th Tank Battalion are from Sakai Bde.
2. the 2nd mixed brigade should actually be the 2nd infantry brigade from the 1st divison. (without "mixed")
3. The Mongolian division has only 1500 men each. Some source said there are 7 divisions, some said 9. In any case they have less than 10000 obsoletely equipped men (almost all horsed).
4. Commander of Japan's 6th Division is Tanihisao (谷 寿夫), he is executed after the war.
To Unsere_Freiheit:
The Japanese garrison in Peiping-Tientsin area was just a little more than 5000 men on July 7th, 1937. Against them are 100,000 determined (though poorly equipped) men of the 29th Army. The Kwantung Army has their ambitions, but I don't believe they wanted to start an all out war, at least not at that time. Otherwise the Japanese would have mobilized much earlier. The opposing forces in Peiping and Tientsin are only a few hundred yards apart., there won't be surprrise anyway.
In fact, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident could have ended just like the Fangtai incidents in 1936. In fact, the clearer minded people on both sides have made a cease fire agreement on mid July. Yet the tension was so great for the men on the field it inevitabily escalated to an all out conflict. The Japanese could not stand not getting anything after the cease fire, and Chiang is no longer in a poisiton to publicly negotiate after the Sian Incident. The order he made to attack the Japanese garrison in Shanghai (now this really surprised them) and the subsequent reinforcement on both sides made this war a scale bigger than anyone could have imagined.
BTW, I send u a private message.
Thanks for the very detail data! Some comments here:
1. The 3rd or 4th Tank Battalion are from Sakai Bde.
2. the 2nd mixed brigade should actually be the 2nd infantry brigade from the 1st divison. (without "mixed")
3. The Mongolian division has only 1500 men each. Some source said there are 7 divisions, some said 9. In any case they have less than 10000 obsoletely equipped men (almost all horsed).
4. Commander of Japan's 6th Division is Tanihisao (谷 寿夫), he is executed after the war.
To Unsere_Freiheit:
The Japanese garrison in Peiping-Tientsin area was just a little more than 5000 men on July 7th, 1937. Against them are 100,000 determined (though poorly equipped) men of the 29th Army. The Kwantung Army has their ambitions, but I don't believe they wanted to start an all out war, at least not at that time. Otherwise the Japanese would have mobilized much earlier. The opposing forces in Peiping and Tientsin are only a few hundred yards apart., there won't be surprrise anyway.
In fact, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident could have ended just like the Fangtai incidents in 1936. In fact, the clearer minded people on both sides have made a cease fire agreement on mid July. Yet the tension was so great for the men on the field it inevitabily escalated to an all out conflict. The Japanese could not stand not getting anything after the cease fire, and Chiang is no longer in a poisiton to publicly negotiate after the Sian Incident. The order he made to attack the Japanese garrison in Shanghai (now this really surprised them) and the subsequent reinforcement on both sides made this war a scale bigger than anyone could have imagined.
BTW, I send u a private message.