Jumo 222
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Reich Ruin
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Jumo 222
The Jumo 222 for the Luftwaffe's "Bomber B" project was pretty advanced for the 1939-1941 specification. Was it ever really made ? I don't think so... if it wasen't made what made it too advanced for the German aviation industry to build ? Was there a replacement ?
according to Nowarra "die deutsche luftrüstung 1933-1945"
the JUMO 222 was running on the testbed with 2500 hp (PS) in 1944
JUMO 222 A/B were installed on Junkers Ju288 V5 and flown october 8 1941
JUMO C/D was on testbed in june 1942 with 3000 hp (PS)
JUMO 222 E/F last version in 1944, after 800 hours of testing time (Erprobungszeit) it got highest priority
achieved with MW50 2900 hp, with GM-1 3000 hp
no large scale production , just a few examples for test aircraft
my 2 cents
MadderCat
the JUMO 222 was running on the testbed with 2500 hp (PS) in 1944
JUMO 222 A/B were installed on Junkers Ju288 V5 and flown october 8 1941
JUMO C/D was on testbed in june 1942 with 3000 hp (PS)
JUMO 222 E/F last version in 1944, after 800 hours of testing time (Erprobungszeit) it got highest priority
achieved with MW50 2900 hp, with GM-1 3000 hp
no large scale production , just a few examples for test aircraft
my 2 cents
MadderCat
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Reich Ruin
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A Kay in his Junkers Aircraft and engines 1913-1945 ISBN 085177985 9, p 274 -5 discusses the Jumo 222.
The first example was run on a test bench 24 /4/39 and was first flown fitted to the nose of a Ju52/3m on 3/11/40.
Limited production started in 1939 but soon stopped due to ignition problems. After redesign production restarted but the problems continued and production was stopped in late 1941.
The Jumo 222 lost out to the more powerful DB 606A as the engine of choice for the Ju288.
Further developments continued but problems still continued and the Jumo 222 never entered full scale production. A total of 289 Jumo 222's of various models were built generally for development purposes.
The first example was run on a test bench 24 /4/39 and was first flown fitted to the nose of a Ju52/3m on 3/11/40.
Limited production started in 1939 but soon stopped due to ignition problems. After redesign production restarted but the problems continued and production was stopped in late 1941.
The Jumo 222 lost out to the more powerful DB 606A as the engine of choice for the Ju288.
Further developments continued but problems still continued and the Jumo 222 never entered full scale production. A total of 289 Jumo 222's of various models were built generally for development purposes.
Jumo 222 is one of the big output German aircraft engines. For 2500HP aero engines German engineers thought that only unusual configurations can solve the problem of achieving large HP ratings from engines with small frontal area. Although these ideas date from prewar years when the high octane aviation fuel were not yet available, they were mostly confirmed during the war (only a few big radials went over 2500HP, but they were not suited for high speed aircraft because of their large frontal area).
For 2500-3500HP range most important competitors were Jumo 222 4 row liquid cooled radial, BMW 802 2 row air cooled radial (one of the variants being a turbocompound), DB-604 X-type engine.
For over 3500HP the only real offer was BMW 803 4 row liquid cooled radial (there were many others like DB-630 36 cylinders double W-type engine or Ar-413 24 cylinders H-type engine, but they did not go too far in development).
Those engines had difficult development, with many delays, mostly caused by the materials available. The major problems reported for Jumo 222 in 1941 were parts corrosion, bearing trouble and oscillations. In late 1943 they were solved, but at that time DB-610 already has proved itself as a practical powerplant, so Jumo 222 lost the competition for Ju-288. Not many know that Ju-288 serial production was actually launched in late 1943, but stopped in 1944 before producing any new aircraft.
Some of those high output engine were ready (or almost) for production but they were canceled in late 1943, when RLM requested that all research to be focused on gas turbine engines, that could easily reach such HP ratings (although with a higher fuel consumption).
For 2500-3500HP range most important competitors were Jumo 222 4 row liquid cooled radial, BMW 802 2 row air cooled radial (one of the variants being a turbocompound), DB-604 X-type engine.
For over 3500HP the only real offer was BMW 803 4 row liquid cooled radial (there were many others like DB-630 36 cylinders double W-type engine or Ar-413 24 cylinders H-type engine, but they did not go too far in development).
Those engines had difficult development, with many delays, mostly caused by the materials available. The major problems reported for Jumo 222 in 1941 were parts corrosion, bearing trouble and oscillations. In late 1943 they were solved, but at that time DB-610 already has proved itself as a practical powerplant, so Jumo 222 lost the competition for Ju-288. Not many know that Ju-288 serial production was actually launched in late 1943, but stopped in 1944 before producing any new aircraft.
Some of those high output engine were ready (or almost) for production but they were canceled in late 1943, when RLM requested that all research to be focused on gas turbine engines, that could easily reach such HP ratings (although with a higher fuel consumption).
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Cantankerous
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Re:
Even though this thread is almost 20 years old, I should emphasize that the Junkers Jumo 222 also powered the Hütter Hü 211 prototype night fighter and reconnaissance aircraft, and it was also one of several engines being considered for the unbuilt Focke-Wulf Grosstransporter strategic airlifter project (incorrectly dubbed P.195 or "Fw 249" in some sources, the fictitious "Fw 249" designation being derived from Baubeschreibung Nr. 249 in which one Grosstransporter design was envisaged). The Jumo 222 was also considered a substitute engine along with the DB 603 and Jumo 213 for the Heinkel He 277 long-range strike aircraft project in place of the Heinkel's initial proposal to fit the He 277 with four BMW 801s.
References:
* Griehl, M., and Dressel, J., 1998. Heinkel He 177-277-274. Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury, England.
* Herwig, D., and Rode, H., 2004. Luftwaffe Secret Projects: Ground Attack & Special Purpose Aircraft. Midland Counties. ISBN 978-1857801507.
* Sharp, D., 2018. Luftwaffe: Secret Designs of the Third Reich. Mortons Books.