Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

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Max104740
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Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#1

Post by Max104740 » 14 Apr 2018, 22:20

Hi to everybody,
I found in a Russian Deutsche Project file, Findbuch 12450, Akte 62, page 38 - 46, a march 41 document ordering the formation of the first Bewährungs-Bataillon, Bataillon 500.
According to what stated at page 43 the KStN for this unit are:
HQ KStN 111 (R) 1 October 1937, standard for an infantry battalion of the period,
three rifle companies, KStN 131 b 1 December 1939.
I don't find this KStN in Tessin section of Niehorster site, I found in a Kriegsgliederung in H1_89.1 a pictogram that gives for this unit an armament of 12 lmg's and three light mortars but no ATR, differently from organization 131 c of the same period.
Can anyone give me some more details about these formations?
Thank you
Max.

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Piet Duits
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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#2

Post by Piet Duits » 14 Apr 2018, 23:21

Max,

I too wonder what the correct organisation for these type of units are. I have a Zustandsbericht for the Inf.Btl. 550 z.b.V. as of 1.6.1944, and according to information on that Zustandsbericht, this particular Batallion had a SOLL according to old KStN. Which means there should be a new set too. But which?
So, sorry, not an answer, but more questions :-)


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FransN
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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#3

Post by FransN » 15 Apr 2018, 18:47

Hi Max and Piet,

The following passages come from
Hans-Peter Klausch: "Die Bewährungstruppe 500", Edition Temmen, Bremen, 1995. ISBN 3-86108-260-8.
I hope you are familiar with the German language.

Page 70: " Nachdem Hitler die Aufstellung der Bewährungstruppe, die für alle drei Wehrmachtsteile zuständig sein sollte, dem OKH übertragen hatte, befahl von Brauchitsch am 12. März 1941: "Zum 1.4.1941 ist durch W.Kdo. IX in Meiningen das Btl. 500 mit Stab gem. KStN und KAN 111 (R) vom 1.10.1937 und 1.-3./500 (Schützen Kp. b) gem. KStN und KAN 111 (R) vom 1.12.39 aufzustellen".

A reference is given to "OKH Chef H. Rüst. u. BdE AHA Ia (VIII) Nr. 2165/41 geh. vom 12.3.1941, S. 6, BA-MA: RH 14/28, Bl. 25
This particular file (since from Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv) can thus be found in Freiburg, SW-Germany.

Page 70 continues: " Tatsächlich wurde es dann aber in der üblichen Stärke von vier Kompanien aufgestellt, wobei die "4.", wie üblich, aufgrund ihrer Bewaffnung als "MG-Kompanie oder auch als "schwere Kompanie" firmierte. Bis zum 1.6.1941 sollte das zugewiesene Stammpersonal die Einsatzbereitschaft dieser ersten Feldeinheit der Bewährungstruppe 500 hergestellt haben. Bei den Angehörigen des Stammpersonals griff man überwiegend auf Angehörige des Feldheeres, also auf kampferprobte Soldaten zurück. In dem Befehl von Brauchitsch heißt es: " Vom Feldheer werden als Stamm gestellt: Für Btl. Stab 5 Offz., 15 Uffz., 51 Mannsch.; für 3 Schtz. Kp. 12 Offz., 84 Uffz., 15 Mannsch., davon 3 Radfahrer, 3 Fahrer vom Bock, 3 Waffenmeistergehilfen, 6 Köche. Durch W.Kr. IX sind zu stellen: 3 Pferdewärter, 13 Mannsch. für Verpflegung und Gepäcktroß." Deutlich wird, daß für die Besetzung rückwärtiger Dienste und für die Verwendung im Stab generell Stamm-Mannschaften vorgesehen waren."

To be continued soon.

Frans

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#4

Post by Piet Duits » 15 Apr 2018, 18:52

Dank je wel Frans!
Thanks Frans (for those of you who are still strugling to learn Dutch)

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#5

Post by Max104740 » 15 Apr 2018, 19:48

Hi Piet and Frans,
thank you very much for your information.
The document I found in the Russian German Project is exactly the 12 March 41 order signed von Brauchitsch.
It is a eight page document, if you want I can send you the files.
The quotation of the book have a typo, the KStN othe rifle company is the 131 b and not the 111 (R).
Can you translate the uotation of the book about the MG Kompanie, I don't speak very well Germans, I did not find anything about this company in the von Brauchitsch order, but it is present in the Kriegsgliedrung in H1_89.1
Thank you in advance
Cheers
Max

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#6

Post by Max104740 » 15 Apr 2018, 19:55

Here the last pages of the order, the ones about the organization.
Max
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7.pdf
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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#7

Post by FransN » 15 Apr 2018, 21:14

Buonasera Max, Goedenavond Piet,

First the, as good as possible, translation from German into English of the passage on the 4th Company
" Tatsächlich wurde es dann aber in der üblichen Stärke von vier Kompanien aufgestellt, wobei die "4.", wie üblich, aufgrund ihrer Bewaffnung als "MG-Kompanie oder auch als "schwere Kompanie" firmierte."
Indeed the battalion was then raised in the usual strength of four companies, in which the 4th, as usual, acted according to its armament as "machine gun company" or also as "heavy company"

Frans

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#8

Post by Max104740 » 15 Apr 2018, 21:35

Hi Piet and Frans,
thank you for the translation,
We can see that HQ batt was a standard organization completely filled with "normal personnel", that is without disciplinary problems ( if I don’t make mistakes in translating the German), for the battalion HQ the feldheer should provide 5 officers, 15 NCO and 51 other ranks, the same numbers of standard 111 (R) of 1937, only without the two Beamte (not provided from Feldheer but by IX AK, see page 7??).
For the rifle companies we have four officers, 18 NCO and 10/11 other ranks of “regular” soldiers, officers and NCO may be congruent with a 131 b organization of 1939 on four squads for platoon and without HMG section.
Mostly of the privates of the rifle companies, in particular the 41 of each rifle platoon, would be men with disciplinary problems,
But who would do the squad leader in such units, waiting for the most dangerous front line missions and with very low quality men in his squad? Did you have some information about the real fighting value of these units?
For the MG companies we don't know anything about the mix between "regular" and "rehabiliting" soldiers
What do you think of my considerations?
You have a much greater experience of these issues than me, then if you could only give me evidence of where I am surely wrong, it would be very useful for me.
Thank you in advance
Cheers
Max

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#9

Post by Max104740 » 15 Apr 2018, 21:41

Here the first five ages of the letter.
Bye
Max
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4.pdf
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3.pdf
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2.pdf
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1.pdf
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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#10

Post by Max104740 » 15 Apr 2018, 21:54

And this is the receivers list
9.pdf
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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#11

Post by FransN » 15 Apr 2018, 22:10

Continuation:

Again from the same source (Hans-Peter Klausch):
" Am 24.1.1943 erging ein "Befehl des O.K.H., daß sämtliche Bewährungsbatle. durch folgende Teileinheiten vestärkt werden: 1 le. IG.-Zug, 1 Inf. Pz. Jg. Zug zu 3 Geschützen 3,7 cm Pak"

Foodnote here:
"KTB AOK 18 Abt. 1a Nr. 4e, BA-MA: RH 20-18/469, Bl. 62. Nach Mitteilung Horst Voigts wurde der Panzer-Jäger-Zug im Herbst 1943 noch durch einen "Raketen-PzBüchsentrupp ("Panzerschreckgruppe") mit 3 Raketen-PzBüchsen 8,8 cm. ("Ofenrohr") verstärkt. Gleichzeitig erhielt die Stabskompanie zahlreiche "Boden-Boden-Raketenwerfer in Holzgestellen für den Stellungskampf", die sogenannten "Stuka zu Fuß" (Schreiben Horst Voigts vom 31.10.1993).

Page 71 continues:
"Die Zuführung von zwei Infanterie-Geschützen und drei Panzerabwehrkanonen, die kriegsgliederungsmäßig den Bataillonsstab zugeordnet wurden, bedeutete eine nicht unerhebliche Verstärkung der Feuerkraft der 500-er Bewährungsbataillone. Ihre Sollstärke erhöhte sich damit gleichzeitig von rund 850 Mann (22 Offiziere, 2 Beambte, 140 Unteroffiziere, 687 Mannschaften)......"

Footnote here:
Diese Sollstärke gibt eine Meldung des Inf. Btl. z.b.V. 500 vom 17.6.1942 wieder (BA-MA: RH 24-44/232, Anl. 17)

".....auf über 900 Mann. Zur Jahresmitte 1943 ging man dazu über, regelrechte Stabskompanien einzurichten, die sich wie folgt gliederten: "Gruppe Führer Btl. Stab, Gruppe Führer Stabskompanie, Nachr. Staffel, Pi.-Zug, I.G.-Zug, Pak-Zug, Gef. Tross, V. Tross und Gepäck-Tross".

Footnote here:
Inf. Btl. 550 z.b.V., Meldung vom 1.6.1943, in BA-MA: RH 26-33036. Dieser Ausbau der 500er-Bewährungsbataillone schuf gleichzeitig Voraussetzungen für einen adäquateren Einsatz solcher Bewährungsmänner, die vor ihrer Bestrafung eine Ausbildung als Kanonier, Pionier usw. erhalten hatten.

Page 72 continues:
"Die Sollstärke betrug jetzt 992 Mann, wie aus einer Stärkemeldung des Inf. Btl. z.b.V. 560 vom 1.7.1944 hervorgeht. Von den schweren Granatwerfern abgesehen war nunmehr jener Standard in Gliederung, Aufrüstung und Bewaffnung erreicht, wie ihn Horst Voigt, ehemaliger Kompaniechef im Inf. Btl. z.b.V. 561, anführt:
"Die Btle. gliederten sich in die Stabskompanie (ohne Nr.)(.....),drei (1.-3.) Schützenkompanien zu je drei Schützenzügen, einer (4.) Maschinengewehrkompanie zu je drei schweren MG-Zügen und einem mittleren Granatwerferzug (8 cm.), später zusätzlich einem schweren Granatwerferzug (12 cm., RSO).
Jedes Bataillon war pferdebespannt, die Stabskompanie teilmotorisiert, der später eingegliederte sGRWZug vollmotorisiert. Änderungen in Gliederung und Bewaffnung (z.B. provisorische Einheiten/Teileinheiten, auch mit Beutewaffen) ergaben sich aus den wechselnden Lagen.
Die beiden schweren Granatwerfer vom Kaliber 12 cm., die von Kettenfahrzeugen ("Raupenschlepper Ost", RSO) bewegt wurden, traten erst zur Jahreswende 1943/1944 hinzu. Sie gehörten zur 4. "schweren" Kompanie. Anzumerken bleibt, daß die nun als "verstärkte Infanterie-Bataillone" geltenden Feld-Einheiten der Bewährungstruppe 500 zeitweise auch eine 5. oder sogar 6. Kompanie, wie im Dezember 1944 das Inf. Btl. 550 z.b.V., aufstellten, wenn der zugeführte Ersatz die eingetretenden Verluste deutlich übertraf. Solche vorübergehenden Maßnahmen blieben jedoch die Ausnahme."

Ciao, groetjes,

Frans

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#12

Post by FransN » 15 Apr 2018, 22:21

Max, sorry, I do not have any information at the moment about the real fighting value of the disciplinary soldiers in the 1.-4. companies. For this I should read Hans-Peter Klausch's book again in depth, for which I don't have the time at the moment. I can recommend his book though. Very detailed. Albeit in the German language.

Ciao,
Frans

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#13

Post by Piet Duits » 16 Apr 2018, 23:53

Last year I checked the records of the Inf.Btl. z.b.V. 550 at the BA-MA, and here's what I found:

Stab Inf.Btl. 550
gem. OKH/Org.Abt. (I) Nr. 441/43 geh. v. 17.1.1943 verstärkt durch:
1 le. I.G. Zug aus K.St.N. 172 v. 1.2.1941
1 Inf.Panz.Jäg.Zug zu 3 Gesch. 3,7 cm Pak gem. K.St.N. 188 d v. 1.12.1941

Gem. Panz.AOK 3 Ia Nr. 3274/43 geh. v. 5.5.1943 am 1.6.1943 zur Stabskompanie umgegliedert.

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#14

Post by Max104740 » 22 Apr 2018, 16:46

Hi Piet and Frans,
thank you very much for your information.
I can add some information I find looking in the Kriegsgliederung on T 78 R 404 and R 405
On H1_89.1 at page 47 and 48 we find the organizations of Battalion 500 (printed) and 540 (handwritten) in 1941: it is the same as in 1942, (page 38, for the Kriegsgliederung of may 42 and page 42):
• Battalion 500: three rifles companies (12 lmg and three light mortars) and a MG company (12 HMG and six medium mortars),
• Battalion 540: three rifle companies (12 lmg, three light mortars and three ATR) and a MG company (12 HMG and six medium mortars),
On these two pages we see some handwritten notes referring to the formation of battalion 540, the only I can decipher is the mention of a document of 1 December 1941 (formation order?).
Battalion 550 is shown only from page 42, where it is already printed, not handwritten, without any note. In the same page handwritten notes about other units are present, with date at the end of February of 42, so I think that probably this Battalion was formed in January of 42, for this Battalion the organization is the same of page 38:
• Battalion 550: three rifle companies (9 lmg and 1 HMG) and a MG company (12 HMG and four medium mortars), did Piet find the same Soll??
On H1_94 page 326 and the following ones we see the evolution of the organization of these battalions until about the summer of 1943. On page 329 we see the situation between the end of 1942 and the beginning of 1943:
• a fourth Battalion, number 560 is added by print to the previous three, its organization is the same of 540 Battalion, but it is cancelled by a handwritten note (date 28 October 1942? In the book cited by Frans we find this Battalion in July 44 but I don't find it any longer in GHQ troops, a note on this page may refer to an incorporation in Jager Division 97, but I don’t find it in the page of this division), I found the first time this Battalion in H1_91, page 29, with an handwritten note date 24 July of 1942,
• Battalion 561 appears, handwritten, with a note referring to a document of 3 January 43. The organization of the companies is the same as Battalions 540 and 560, the HQ is labelled as Z.b.V. ( Battalion 561 is the only ZbV Battalion on this document, but both you found other documents with ZbV applied to the other Battalion),
• with handwritten notes a PAK and a IG platoon are added to each of the four Battalions, date 17 January 43 (the same found by Piet, but there is a note only for the IG platoon with date 21 October 42).
On H1_94 page 328 the organization of these four Battalion does not change, on page 327 we see an handwritten note (referring to a document I/3972 of 27 April 1943, a new document different from the ones found by Piet) and the PAK and IG Platoon, with a new Pioneer Platoon, are consolidated in a HQ Company.
On H1-94 page 326 the organization of October 1943 is the same, I have no later documents of this type, and I don’t find any mention of the heavy mortar platoon added later in 43 to these Battalions.
I know that many OKH documents were destroyed at the end of the war, but perhaps you can find one of the ones quoted in the Kriegsgliederungen and find new information.
And can you find why Battalion 560 is cancelled by these documents in GHQ Infantry units and where was it put?
Thank you in advance
Cheers
Max

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Re: Bewährungs-Bataillon Organization KStN

#15

Post by FransN » 22 Apr 2018, 22:02

Hi Max,
From your reaction it appears that you are already well familiar with Hans-Peter Klausch's book " "Die Bewährungstruppe 500". I cannot help you any further. Since this topic of the Wehrmacht probational units is not my main focus, I cannot, unfortunately, help you any further. My interest lies more with the SS-Sonderbataillon/-Regiment "Dirlewanger", the SS-Bewährungsbataillon, or the SS-Bewährungsregiment "Kaltofen". Should you have more info on the commanding officers of these units, please let me know!
Frans

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