There were indeed a lot of emigrées from Hungary and Poland to the Ottoman empire, but not only military and politician figures, also protestants and religious persona non grata.wm wrote: ↑02 Jul 2022, 13:55The Middle East (or, more appropriately, The Ottoman Empire) was a safe haven for the Jews and even European (mostly Polish and Hungarian) freedom fighters. One example is Józef Bem (a national hero of Poland and even more of Hungary), who became the governor of Aleppo (now in Syria.)
Józef Bem and the other emigrants from the 1848/1849 freedom war (like György Kmety) joined Turkey because they could fight the Russians whom they hated.