Beheadings in the Third Reich
Gravestone portrait of Elfriede Hartmann
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ... rtmann.jpg
Elfriede Hartmann was guillotined at Vienna Regional Court on 2 November 1943 at the age of 22. She was buried at Vienna Central Cemetery, group 40.
According to this article, 1210 people were guillotined at Vienna Regional Court between 1938 and 1945. Other sources mention 1184.
http://www.kulturatlas.at/aut_w/page/00077060.htm
https://www.doew.at/cms/download/2sbl6/19793_56.pdf
Fate of Graz Tegel fallbeil
According to this article, Graz Regional court prison official together with an inmate disassembled the fallbeil at Graz Regional Court on 27 March 1945 and buried it in a bomb crater so that no more executions could take place in Graz.
http://derstandard.at/2000008717504/Gra ... auf-Papier
http://derstandard.at/2000008717504/Gra ... auf-Papier
Fallbeil versteckt
Das Fallbeil der Grazer Guillotine war zwischenzeitlich verschwunden: Nach der Hinrichtung der Trofaiacher Widerstandskämpfer Josef Kröll und Willibald Piffrader ließ es der diensthabende Wachkommandant am 27. März 1945 verschwinden. Ein Wachebeamter und ein Häftling verscharrten es in einem Bombenkrater, sodass, zumindest im Landesgericht, keine Hinrichtungen mehr stattfinden konnten.
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
Only the blade is left? Only the blade is exhibited?
Square holes?
Square holes?
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
It looks like a fake blade. The blade edge angle is not steep enough for a Tegel blade, the holes are wrong, and definitely too thin to be real.fredric wrote:Only the blade is left? Only the blade is exhibited?
Square holes?
Josef Scherleitner
http://www.doew.at/cms/images/6gq0v/ori ... lzburg.png
Josef Scherleitner was guillotined in Munchen Stadelheim prison on 30 April 1943.
Translated:Der Tischlergehilfe Josef Scherleitner aus Lend (Salzburg) war Leiter des kommunistischen Widerstands im Gebiet Pinzgau. Im Februar 1942 festgenommen, wurde er am 28. Oktober 1942 vom Volksgerichtshof wegen "Vorbereitung zum Hochverrat" zum Tode verurteilt und am 30. April 1943 im Strafgefängnis München-Stadelheim hingerichtet.
The carpenter's assistant Josef Scherleitner from Lend (Salzburg) was the head of the Communist resistance in the Pinzgau region. In February 1942 he was arrested, was sentenced to death on October 28, 1942 for "preparation of high treason" by the People's Court, and on April 30, 1943 was executed in the Munich-Stadelheim prison.
http://images.derstandard.at/t/12/2015/ ... Andere.JPG
The execution report:
http://www.doew.at/cms/download/5im9e/1 ... eckung.pdf
The report specifies that it took one minute and ten seconds from the time the prisoner left the cell to presentation in the execution building. This gives us an idea how far the prisoner had to walk to the execution building. At the walking pace of 5 kilometers/hour the prisoner would cover about 97 meters in 70 seconds. According to one source, the execution building was about 40 meters away from the condemned cell block. Walking 57 meters along the corridors of the cell block and then 40 meters to the execution building once outside, sounds credible. Of course, the walking pace was determined by the two guards escorting the prisoner, and it could have been faster than assumed 5 kilometers/hour. This is the same walk the Scholls and Probst had to take just two months earlier.
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
Reichhart by this time was claiming he beheads in 3 seconds from turn-over, 4 below the standard.
Think of this! The condemned was grabed and slamed.
Think of this! The condemned was grabed and slamed.
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
The execution report above says it took ten seconds from the time the prisoner was turned over to the executioner to fall of the blade. Somewhat slow for Reichhart. There must have been an occasional prisoner who struggled when being led to the fallbeil. Maybe this was one of them and therefore it took all of ten seconds.fredric wrote:Reichhart by this time was claiming he beheads in 3 seconds from turn-over, 4 below the standard.
Think of this! The condemned was grabed and slamed.
It amazes me that they even recorded the time it took to walk the prisoner from the cell to the execution building.
When claiming 3 or 4 second execution times, one must realize that at least a second passed between the time the upper lunette half was closed over the neck, the blade was released, and the blade crashed down. Based on the total drop height, we know it takes about 0.5 seconds for the fallbeil blade to come all the way down once released. This would leave only 2 seconds or so to grab the prisoner, lead him to the guillotine, throw him on the bench and shove him forward so the neck is in the lunette. I really have hard time imagining this. Ten seconds looks fast enough to me to accomplish all this. 3 or 4 seems almost impossible, even if the fallbeil was just behind the curtain so that it took only a step to reach the fallbeil bench. However, East German executioner Walter Boettcher claimed times of 4 seconds routinely in his execution reports.
Just for comparison, in Die letzten Tage movie, it took about 20 seconds to accomplish the execution. The assistants grab the actress at 17 seconds into the clip and the blade falls at 37 seconds. Of course, the fallbeil was located too far from the curtain, which meant loosing at least four seconds due to leading the prisoner to the guillotine.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_epbnn1xvk
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
I know Reichhart reportedly was an arrogant, proud of his heritage. He and his well-trained team could do the job in less than the reported
7 seconds. He claimed he developed a technique that would result in beheading in just three seconds.
I think he did this repeatedly. He was so fast the victim never had time to fight. And most, per reports, consigned themselves to
their fate, shut their eyes (or a helper did this with his hand) and gave up.
The Sharfrichters were competitors. I bet Hehr, the master teacher, also beheaded in split second time. Rottger too.
No film has yet to captures the speed at which these butchers worked. All films of fallbeil/guillotine executions are filled with errors.
The victim barely had time to think before the blade sliced through their neck.
The old method, typical of Xavier Reichhart and probably his teacher, Kisslinger, required strapping the victim to the tipping board, etc.
I have seen a report that four minutes passed from the reading of the sentence to the fall of he blade. This gives a comparison with
Reichhart's speed.
7 seconds. He claimed he developed a technique that would result in beheading in just three seconds.
I think he did this repeatedly. He was so fast the victim never had time to fight. And most, per reports, consigned themselves to
their fate, shut their eyes (or a helper did this with his hand) and gave up.
The Sharfrichters were competitors. I bet Hehr, the master teacher, also beheaded in split second time. Rottger too.
No film has yet to captures the speed at which these butchers worked. All films of fallbeil/guillotine executions are filled with errors.
The victim barely had time to think before the blade sliced through their neck.
The old method, typical of Xavier Reichhart and probably his teacher, Kisslinger, required strapping the victim to the tipping board, etc.
I have seen a report that four minutes passed from the reading of the sentence to the fall of he blade. This gives a comparison with
Reichhart's speed.
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
As I posted before, these executions were timed. In Pankrac prison, if it took more than 15 seconds to guillotine a prisoner (measured from time he was turned over to the executioner to the fall of the blade), the executioner was admonished by the state representative witnessing these executions to pick up the pace.
The idea was of course to perform these executions at a fast pace, but also properly. But letting the condemned prisoners wait for several minutes before being executed seems rather cruel.
The idea was of course to perform these executions at a fast pace, but also properly. But letting the condemned prisoners wait for several minutes before being executed seems rather cruel.
Bernhard Bästlein
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ... n_1939.jpg
Bernhard Bästlein was guillotined in Brandenburg Gorden prison on 18 September 1944.
http://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biog ... no_cache=1
Entrance to Leipzig execution room
http://www.mdr.de/nachrichten/vermischt ... sion=17991
The condemned prisoner, once the door was open would see the left side of the fallbeil bench. The fallbeil was mounted perpendicular to the entry. I believe they used the door instead of black curtain here and opened the door only after the condemned was officially turned over to the executioner. I checked the execution report of Manfred Smolka, guillotined in Leipzig on 12 July 1960 and the execution time stated is 2 seconds. They had to grab the prisoner and literally throw him on the bench to accomplish this in such a short time. Because these were single executions, it is hard to understand the need for such speed. Maybe it was done primarily to overwhelm the prisoner and not allow him to show any resistance. After the blade fell, the executioner's assistants raised the legs of the decapitated body to facilitate faster bleeding and kept the body on the bench for some time. After that the body and severed head were placed in a casket which was stored out of sight in a closed small room next to the execution room. The head was placed between the legs, just like in the Third Reich executions. The body and the head were then transported to a crematorium where they were cremated and the ashes buried in a secret location. The cause of death was usually falsified.
http://www.runde-ecke-leipzig.de/index. ... 402&L=%271
https://translate.google.com/translate? ... edit-text=
Last edited by Pete26 on 30 May 2017, 07:02, edited 2 times in total.
Anatomical Institute of University of Bonn
Bodies of many executed prisoners in Koln Klingelputz prison were sent to the anatomical Institute of University of Bonn for dissection. In the following book preview you can see many names of those unfortunates listed.
https://books.google.com/books?id=i74vC ... ch&f=false
The title of the book is "Die Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Bonn im "Dritten Reich"
By Ralf Forsbach
Josef Klimm and Josef Zalewski were sentenced to death and guillotined for taking something of value from damaged buildings after a bombing raid. These are two more cases of applying the "People's Pest Regulation".
https://books.google.com/books?id=i74vC ... ch&f=false
The title of the book is "Die Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Bonn im "Dritten Reich"
By Ralf Forsbach
Josef Klimm and Josef Zalewski were sentenced to death and guillotined for taking something of value from damaged buildings after a bombing raid. These are two more cases of applying the "People's Pest Regulation".
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
Just been watching TV and an advert for a programme came on which has got me excited.
UK tv, 8Pm, Yesterday Tv, 'forbidden history - the curse of hitlers executioner'
The programme is about Johann and featured a dramatisation showing an imaccurate 'Tegal'.
The first programme I have ever seem solely on german executioners!!
Again British tv 14th June 8Pm on yesterday tv. Hopefully it will be put online for the none UK members.
https://yesterday.uktv.co.uk/shows/forb ... /episodes/
http://www.tcbmediarights.com/screeners ... ies_4.html
UK tv, 8Pm, Yesterday Tv, 'forbidden history - the curse of hitlers executioner'
The programme is about Johann and featured a dramatisation showing an imaccurate 'Tegal'.
The first programme I have ever seem solely on german executioners!!
Again British tv 14th June 8Pm on yesterday tv. Hopefully it will be put online for the none UK members.
https://yesterday.uktv.co.uk/shows/forb ... /episodes/
http://www.tcbmediarights.com/screeners ... ies_4.html
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
Looks interesting. However I think it will be filled with errors. The photo of the staged execution shows the sharfrichter on the
wrong side of the fallbeil with his hand in the path of the sledge/messer! Ye Gods!
But it might be entertaining...and who knows, it might have a new image of Johann. I wonder why all the question marks after
Reichhart's name in the description of the program?
wrong side of the fallbeil with his hand in the path of the sledge/messer! Ye Gods!
But it might be entertaining...and who knows, it might have a new image of Johann. I wonder why all the question marks after
Reichhart's name in the description of the program?
Re: Beheadings in the Third Reich
If you scroll down in link two, you see that there is no head bucket, only a giant blood spout. The head would roll down the spout and roll on the ground some distance? Besides two leather straps which were nonexistent on Tegel fallbeils, this "fallbeil" looks somewhat like the wooden stage prop whose actual size photo is exhibited in the Wien Landesgericht execution room.fredric wrote:Looks interesting. However I think it will be filled with errors. The photo of the staged execution shows the sharfrichter on the
wrong side of the fallbeil with his hand in the path of the sledge/messer! Ye Gods!
But it might be entertaining...and who knows, it might have a new image of Johann. I wonder why all the question marks after
Reichhart's name in the description of the program?