Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Hello,
Attached are photos of a IJA Lieutenant General with some medals on his chest. At first I struggled in identifying an unusual medal (pointed with red arrow). After hours of searching it turns out to be Order of the Sun of Peru (Knight Class). But still I can't find out who this General is or why he was awarded with a Peruvian Order. If anyone has any information concerning this, it would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance
Best regards,
Steve
Attached are photos of a IJA Lieutenant General with some medals on his chest. At first I struggled in identifying an unusual medal (pointed with red arrow). After hours of searching it turns out to be Order of the Sun of Peru (Knight Class). But still I can't find out who this General is or why he was awarded with a Peruvian Order. If anyone has any information concerning this, it would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance
Best regards,
Steve
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Hi Steve,
This is your man, though I have no idea why he would have been awarded a Peruvian medal.
Hayashi KINOSHITA
LT. GENERAL
Born: 5 November 1886
Died: 26 October 1969
Promotions:
Second Lieutenant: 25 Dec 1908
Lieutenant: 26 Dec 1911
Captain: 25 Oct 1918
Major: 6 Aug 1923
Lieutenant Colonel: 6 Oct 1927
Colonel: 1 Aug 1931
Major General: Mar 1936
Lieutenant General: 9 Mar 1939
Military Academy 20th Class
Military Staff College 29th Class
Assignments:
8 Aug 1932 - 17 Jul 1933: Commanding Officer, 5th Air Regiment
17 Jul 1933 - 1 Aug 1934: Commanding Officer, 7th Air Regiment
1 Aug 1934 - 1 Aug 1935: Chief of 2nd Section, Army Aeronautical Department, Ministry of War
1 Aug 1935 - 1 Aug 1936: Chief of 1st Bureau, Army Aeronautical Department, Ministry of War
1 Aug 1936 - 2 Aug 1937: Commanding Officer, 2nd Air Brigade
2 Aug 1937 - 1 Oct 1937: Commandant, Tokorozawa Army Aviation School
1 Oct 1937 - 9 Dec 1939: Head of Army Aviation Branch, Military Academy
10 Dec 1938 - 1 Jul 1939: Commandant, Army Aviation School
1 Jul 1939 - 1 Sep 1939: attached to Army Aviation Corps Headquarters
1 Sep 1939 - 15 Sep 1941: Commanding Officer, 3rd Air Division
15 Sep 1941 - 21 Dec 1942: Commandant, Army Aviation School
21 Dec 1942 - 7 Dec 1943: Commander-in-Chief, Kwantung Defence Army
7 Dec 1943 - Sep 1945: Commander-in-Chief, 3rd Air Army
22 Mar 1944 - 21 Oct 1944: concurrently Commanding Officer, 4th Air Division
21 Oct 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: concurrently Commanding Officer, 2nd Air Division
Awards & Decorations:
Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun: 29 Apr 1940
Order of the Sun (Peru)
Notes:
Born in Wakayama Prefecture.
Kind regards,
VJK
This is your man, though I have no idea why he would have been awarded a Peruvian medal.
Hayashi KINOSHITA
LT. GENERAL
Born: 5 November 1886
Died: 26 October 1969
Promotions:
Second Lieutenant: 25 Dec 1908
Lieutenant: 26 Dec 1911
Captain: 25 Oct 1918
Major: 6 Aug 1923
Lieutenant Colonel: 6 Oct 1927
Colonel: 1 Aug 1931
Major General: Mar 1936
Lieutenant General: 9 Mar 1939
Military Academy 20th Class
Military Staff College 29th Class
Assignments:
8 Aug 1932 - 17 Jul 1933: Commanding Officer, 5th Air Regiment
17 Jul 1933 - 1 Aug 1934: Commanding Officer, 7th Air Regiment
1 Aug 1934 - 1 Aug 1935: Chief of 2nd Section, Army Aeronautical Department, Ministry of War
1 Aug 1935 - 1 Aug 1936: Chief of 1st Bureau, Army Aeronautical Department, Ministry of War
1 Aug 1936 - 2 Aug 1937: Commanding Officer, 2nd Air Brigade
2 Aug 1937 - 1 Oct 1937: Commandant, Tokorozawa Army Aviation School
1 Oct 1937 - 9 Dec 1939: Head of Army Aviation Branch, Military Academy
10 Dec 1938 - 1 Jul 1939: Commandant, Army Aviation School
1 Jul 1939 - 1 Sep 1939: attached to Army Aviation Corps Headquarters
1 Sep 1939 - 15 Sep 1941: Commanding Officer, 3rd Air Division
15 Sep 1941 - 21 Dec 1942: Commandant, Army Aviation School
21 Dec 1942 - 7 Dec 1943: Commander-in-Chief, Kwantung Defence Army
7 Dec 1943 - Sep 1945: Commander-in-Chief, 3rd Air Army
22 Mar 1944 - 21 Oct 1944: concurrently Commanding Officer, 4th Air Division
21 Oct 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: concurrently Commanding Officer, 2nd Air Division
Awards & Decorations:
Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun: 29 Apr 1940
Order of the Sun (Peru)
Notes:
Born in Wakayama Prefecture.
Kind regards,
VJK
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Hello VJK,
Thank you so much for the valuable information you provided me with.
However, I noticed from another site that the CO of 44th Army (Kwangtung Defense Army) was Lt.Gen. Satoshi Kinoshita, who served for the same period of time as the above list.
Just want to clarify his name, whether it is Satoshi or Hayashi, or perhaps, they are of the same Kanji but different pronunciations (which is common for Japanese names)?
Regards,
Steve
Thank you so much for the valuable information you provided me with.
However, I noticed from another site that the CO of 44th Army (Kwangtung Defense Army) was Lt.Gen. Satoshi Kinoshita, who served for the same period of time as the above list.
Just want to clarify his name, whether it is Satoshi or Hayashi, or perhaps, they are of the same Kanji but different pronunciations (which is common for Japanese names)?
Regards,
Steve
- Akira Takizawa
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Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
His first name is Hayashi. Here is a document stating the reason why he received Peruvian Order.
https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/das/ ... 0000049790
According to it, it is because he attended Peruvian ambassador at the coronation of Showa Emperor.
Taki
https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/das/ ... 0000049790
According to it, it is because he attended Peruvian ambassador at the coronation of Showa Emperor.
Taki
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Thank you very much Taki!
Kind regards,
VJK
Kind regards,
VJK
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Hello Taki,
Thanks so much for the additional info
So it can be said that he got two awards for that event, as he also possessed the Showa Enthronement Commemoration Medal.
And VJK, thanks again for the previous records
Best regards,
Steve
Thanks so much for the additional info
So it can be said that he got two awards for that event, as he also possessed the Showa Enthronement Commemoration Medal.
And VJK, thanks again for the previous records
Best regards,
Steve
- Steen Ammentorp
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Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
He was promoted to Major General on 7 Mar 1936.
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Thanks for that Steen.
Kind regards,
VJK
Kind regards,
VJK
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Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Peru had a significant urban, Japanese, small business, minority that contributed money to buy at least two aircraft for Japan for use against China in the 1930s. However, the Peruvians turned on them in the late 1930s and some were forced to flee to Japan.
Cheers,
Sid.
Cheers,
Sid.
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Steen Ammentorp, thank you for adding the exact date.
Sid Guttridge, thank you for providing supplementary info about Japanese in Peru. Could you please tell us more specifically what you mean "the Peruvians turned on them"? Were they looked down upon, discriminated, persecuted, or others?
Best regards,
Steve
Sid Guttridge, thank you for providing supplementary info about Japanese in Peru. Could you please tell us more specifically what you mean "the Peruvians turned on them"? Were they looked down upon, discriminated, persecuted, or others?
Best regards,
Steve
- HistPolity
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- Location: United States
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
I believe after the Pacific phase of the conflict began the US urged the friendly Peruvian government to crack down on its Japanese population and intern them. Some were even deported to the US for the duration of the war.Edpin wrote: ↑01 Jul 2019, 12:50Steen Ammentorp, thank you for adding the exact date.
Sid Guttridge, thank you for providing supplementary info about Japanese in Peru. Could you please tell us more specifically what you mean "the Peruvians turned on them"? Were they looked down upon, discriminated, persecuted, or others?
Best regards,
Steve
This whole episode Peruvian history came back with vengeance recently. As onenotable Japanese-Peruvian who was interned was Alberto Fujimori (the illiberal President of the country 1990's.
Fujimori was a dual citizen of both Peru and Japan as he was born to parents of full Japanese descent.
During his recent criminal trials surrounding allegations of abuse of power and corruption during his presidency in the 90's. There was a popular theory in the Peruvian media that Fujimori was born in Japan and that his parents immigrated to the country in the 1930's compounded his legitimacy problems if true. Especially given that he fled to Japan after being forced to resign.
However, it turned out he was actually born on Peruvian soil and that his parents simply registered his birth at a Japanese consulate at the time which made him a citizen of both countries.
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Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
Hi Edpin,
I was referring to the "Saqueo" of 1940. Wiki has the following:
"In 1940, an earthquake destroyed the city of Lima. By this time the community of Japanese and their wives and children was about 30,000 in Peru. Rumors spread that Japanese were looting, resulting in a three-day race riot (referred to as the "Saqueo")[11] targeting Japanese Peruvians in which Peruvians sacked, looted, and burnt more than 600 Japanese homes and businesses in Lima, killing 10 Japanese Peruvians and injuring dozens in full view of the police, who made no attempt to intervene. Nearly all Japanese-owned shops were destroyed.[12] Other harsh measures against Japanese-Peruvians followed. For example, in 1940 it was decreed that Japanese-Peruvians who went abroad to study in Japan would lose Peruvian citizenship."
Cheers,
Sid
I was referring to the "Saqueo" of 1940. Wiki has the following:
"In 1940, an earthquake destroyed the city of Lima. By this time the community of Japanese and their wives and children was about 30,000 in Peru. Rumors spread that Japanese were looting, resulting in a three-day race riot (referred to as the "Saqueo")[11] targeting Japanese Peruvians in which Peruvians sacked, looted, and burnt more than 600 Japanese homes and businesses in Lima, killing 10 Japanese Peruvians and injuring dozens in full view of the police, who made no attempt to intervene. Nearly all Japanese-owned shops were destroyed.[12] Other harsh measures against Japanese-Peruvians followed. For example, in 1940 it was decreed that Japanese-Peruvians who went abroad to study in Japan would lose Peruvian citizenship."
Cheers,
Sid
Re: Japanese General with Peruvian Order
HistPolity and Sid Guttridge,
I see now. This is totally new to me. Thank you for more info concerning this topic. I'm glad I can learn from you guys.
Best regards,
Steve
I see now. This is totally new to me. Thank you for more info concerning this topic. I'm glad I can learn from you guys.
Best regards,
Steve