maltesefalcon wrote: ↑15 Dec 2018, 02:47
We are on the same page here. The South had a paradoxical problem. At least in part, 11 states had seceded from the Union as they felt state's rights superseded Federalism. But they could not run an efficient (war) economy, if each state fended only for itself; and refused to buy into their own version of federalism to share both resources and responsibility. It became worse as Federal troops began to virtually overrun some states, who then had less inclination to stay the course.
Can you or Bob, describe how the legal and political framework was different between the two parties?, as it pertains to the conduct of running an efficient war economy. I can give you one practical advantage the CSA had, throughout the war the north used Mil department commanders, War Dept assigned the resources to each mil district and that commander submitted his operation plans for POTUS and war Dept to consider. CS also had mil Districts but had a theatre commander, R E lee had authority over all the mil districts assets in his theatre anjd could use them as he saw fit, time and time again this allowed him to mass assets for use while his opponents less unified command structure allowed them only the resources they had been assigned, or the co operation of a a nearby mil district whose plan was concurrent with theirs. USA never had that, but it went further when Grant became a 5 star tasked with a plan to end the conflict, without POTUS interfernce.
maltesefalcon wrote: ↑15 Dec 2018, 02:47
A Navy was of vital importance and could only be run (and paid for) on some type of central or federal level. Likewise a national rail system.
You are aware that CS States built more RR than free states in the decade upto the conflict and did so by paying for it at state level rather than internal improvement through central government disbursement?. Your point about the navy is certainly true for the north, yet for first two years of the conflict CS Naval budget was $ 14,605,777 to US $33,584, while only having 10% the productive capacity ( steam engine workshops workers in iron working etc) and ceased the war having constructed the third most powerful navy in the world, behind UK and the North.
maltesefalcon wrote: ↑15 Dec 2018, 02:47
But just to be clear the US Army only had about 16,000 officers and men in 1861. The bulk of Northern troops were still recruited, commanded and paid for at the state level.It was the formation of a (Northern) national tax base that allowed the nucleus of what would eventually emerge as the military/industrial complex.
Same as the CSA, its regulars being dwarfed by individual States contribution. The concept of an military/industrial did not exist at start of conflict, it began to take shape during it, by wars end the north had imported over half the firearms it had issued, as its industry was still incapable of producing the volume needed for a conflict of the scale of the WBTS even by wars end.
maltesefalcon wrote: ↑15 Dec 2018, 02:47
The south lost in other ways. Since most taxes were paid at the state level, even "loyal" property owners were screwed at war's end. The 11 states that had collected those same taxes, had obviously not given Uncle Sam its share, and the government wanted them paid again.
All taxes were at the state level, their being no federal tax in 1860. All Federal income came from the tariff and a voluntary income tax scheme.
Your referring to confiscation Acts past during the conflict, in which any person in a state deemed in rebellion ( not convicted in a court, just deemed by POTUS, overriding statuettes on how insurrection and property used in any insurrection had to be reimbursed or returned after the insurrection ended, and that included human property) was to pay a duty of 50% greater than a loyal citizen.The taxable duty refers to legislation passed in the conflict. The Income tax law, passed without any CS State consent was one such and that amount was levied post war. Second armies lived by forage in the WBTS ie they took what they required to operate from where they operated, as supply from base was largely beyond the ability of the times to supply them for extended periods in the field, they, both sides, gave promissory notes to be redeemed by their governments, for what the military took, both sides started out like this, but Pope initiated the concept that since the CS was in in rebellion he would confiscate it, forage, without recompense, thats what the oft used R E lee miscreant Pope must be suppressed quote refers to. This was adopted as US Government policy in the several confiscation acts. Southern federal government ended the war owing 000s of millions to its citizens, this was written off by the post war Amendment and left to the citizens to suffer the loss. The Southern war claims commission was set up to indemnify loyal citizens, ie anyone who could show they were loyal to the Federal government during the conflict ( took the iron clad oath, served in a mil capacity in the Union forces) could have those promissory notes payed from Federal funds. So many but not most got recompense.
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