Finnish Order of Battle

[AJK]

Dear fellow historians,

Over the last few years, I have been trying to compile a complete list of commanders of Finland's military forces during the period 1918 - 1945. Whilst I have been reasonably successful in my research, there still remain some gaps that need to be filled in, particularly concerning the period of the Winter War.

I am posting below the extent of my research, and would be grateful for any help in completing the blanks. I realize that the extent of my question perhaps exceeds the scope of this particular forum, but this is the best way of reaching out to as many Finnish historians as possible.

Thank you very much in advance for your cooperation.

Regards,

AJK



ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE FINNISH ARMED FORCES 1918 - 1945

High Command

Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
16 Jan 1918 - 29 May 1918: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
29 May 1918 - 13 Aug 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
13 Aug 1918 - 12 Dec 1918: Kenraalimajuri Wilhelm THESLEFF
12 Dec 1918 - 31 Dec 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl Rudolf WALDÉN
31 Dec 1918 - 18 Jun 1919: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
18 Jun 1919 - 12 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Kaarlo Edvard KIVEKÄS
12 Sep 1919 - 8 Aug 1924: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
8 Aug 1924 - 16 Apr 1925: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
16 Apr 1925 - 2 Oct 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
2 Oct 1925 - 22 May 1926: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
22 May 1926 - 9 Aug 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
9 Aug 1929 - 22 Aug 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
22 Aug 1929 - 12 Jan 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
12 Jan 1933 - 17 Oct 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
17 Oct 1939 - 31 Dec 1944: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
31 Dec 1944 - 2 Jul 1945: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
2 Jul 1945 - 6 Jun 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST


Chief of the General Staff
18 Jan 1918 - 18 Feb 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
18 Feb 1918 - 6 Mar 1918: Kenraalimajuri Karl Emil BERG
6 Mar 1918 - 6 May 1918: Kenraalimajuri Gösta THESLÖF
6 May 1918 - 1 Jun 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Johannes Ferdinand IGNATIUS
4 Jun 1918 - 5 Aug 1918: Kenraalimajuri Nils Gabriel PROCOPÉ
5 Aug 1918 - 31 Dec 1918: Eversti Konrad von REDERN
31 Dec 1918 - 5 Mar 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
5 Mar 1919 - 12 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnantti Johannes Ferdinand IGNATIUS
12 Sep 1919 - 16 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
16 Sep 1919 - 25 Jun 1924: Kenraaliluutnantti Oskar ENCKELL
(1920 - 1921, Acting: Eversti Hans Henrik BRUMMER)
25 Jun 1924 - 3 Jul 1924: Kenraalimajuri Hjalmar Aleksander SÖDERMAN
3 Jul 1924 - 18 Sep 1924: Kenraaliluutnantti Oskar ENCKELL
18 Sep 1924 - 17 Jul 1925: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
17 Jul 1925 - 12 Jul 1928: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
12 Jul 1928 - 26 Jul 1928: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
26 Jul 1928 - 27 Oct 1930: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
27 Oct 1930 - 2 Mar 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
2 Mar 1940 - 25 Mar 1940:
25 Mar 1940 - 11 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
11 Apr 1940 - 16 May 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
16 May 1940 - 29 Jun 1941: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
30 Jun 1941 - 14 Jul 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Viljo Einar TUOMPO
14 Jul 1941 - 21 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
21 Jan 1942 - 30 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Viljo Einar TUOMPO
30 Jan 1942 - 6 Oct 1944: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
6 Oct 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
27 Nov 1944 - 11 Mar 1949: Kenraaliluutnantti Aksel Fredrick AIRO


Commander-in-Chief of Land Forces
1 Jul 1933 - 14 Oct 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
14 Oct 1939 - 19 Mar 1940:
19 Mar 1940 - 16 May 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS


Commander-in-Chief of Naval Forces
9 Jun 1928 - 3 Oct 1936: Kenraaliluutnantti Väinö Lahja Richard VALVE
3 Oct 1936 - 20 Oct 1936: Kontra-amiraali Svante August SUNDMAN
20 Oct 1936 - 15 May 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Väinö Lahja Richard VALVE


Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet
10 Jul 1918 - 16 May 1919: Kontra-amiraali Baron Johannes INDRENIUS
17 May 1919 - 18 Jul 1919: Kontra-amiraali Hjalmar von BONSDORFF
18 Jul 1919 - 16 Jan 1923:
16 Jan 1923 - 22 Jan 1926: Kontra-amiraali Gustaf Toivo Johannes von SCHOULTZ
22 Jan 1926 - 11 Aug 1926: Komentaja Yrjö ROOS
11 Aug 1926 - 26 May 1927: Komentaja Arvo Aleksanteri WIRTA
26 May 1927 - 20 Jul 1940:
20 Jul 1940 - 1 Jul 1945: Kontra-amiraali Eero Aksel RAHOLA


Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force
Feb 1918 - 10 Mar 1918: Luutnantti Sture LANDERGREN
10 Mar 1918 - 28 Apr 1918: Kapteeni Johann Allan HYGERTH
28 Apr 1918 - 13 Dec 1918: Kapteeni Carl SEBER
13 Dec 1918 - 9 Jan 1919: Everstiluutnantti Torsten Ivan AMINOFF
9 Jan 1919 - 25 Oct 1920: Kenraalimajuri Sixtus HJELMMAN
25 Oct 1920 - 2 Feb 1926: Everstiluutnantti Aarne Sakari SOMERSALO
2 Feb 1926 - 7 Sep 1932: Eversti Väinö Aleksanteri VUORI
8 Sep 1932 - 30 Jun 1945: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
30 Jun 1945 - 30 Nov 1952: Eversti Frans Edvard HELMINEN


Inspector-General of the Army
14 Mar 1918 - 27 May 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Torsten WADENSTJERNA
27 May 1918 - 4 Apr 1919:
4 Apr 1919 - 6 Jul 1920: Kenraaliluutnantti Paul Bruno von GERICH
6 Jul 1920 - 22 May 1926:
22 May 1926 - 16 May 1926: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Frederik WILKAMA
16 May 1926 - 12 Jan 1933:
12 Jan 1933 - 29 Sep 1938: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
29 Sep 1938 - 11 Apr 1940:
11 Apr 1940 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST


Inspector of Infantry
5 Apr 1919 - 30 Aug 1928: Jalkaväenkenraali Ernst Berthold LÖFSTROM
30 Aug 1928 - 12 Jan 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
12 Jan 1933 - 3 Sep 1934:
3 Sep 1934 - 24 Jan 1938: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
24 Jan 1938 - 11 Feb 1938:
11 Feb 1938 - 16 Oct 1939: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
20 Jul 1944 - 14 Jun 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN


Inspector of Cavalry
12 Dec 1918 - 24 Jul 1919: Ratsuväenkenraali Ernst LINDER


Inspector of Artillery
2 Feb 1918 - 18 Feb 1918: Kenraalimajuri Adolf Gustaf von REHAUSEN
18 Feb 1918 - 12 Jul 1918: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
12 Jul 1918 - 5 Jan 1919:
5 Jan 1919 - 2 Feb 1919: Eversti Ludvig August SCHWINDT
2 Feb 1919 - 5 May 1920: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Edvard KIVEKÄS
25 May 1920 - 16 Apr 1937: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
16 Apr 1937 - 18 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
18 Oct 1939 - 16 Dec 1940:
16 Dec 1940 - 15 Dec 1947: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN


Commanding General, Home Defense Corps/Civil Guard
2 Aug 1918 - 27 Nov 1918: Kenraalimajuri Wilhelm Aleksander THESLEFF
27 Nov 1918 - 30 Dec 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl Rudolf WALDÉN
30 Dec 1918 - 28 Feb 1919: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
28 Feb 1919 - 20 Jun 1921: Kenraalimajuri Georg Didrik von ESSEN
20 Jun 1919 - 22 Jun 1921: Kenraalimajuri Karl Emil BERG
22 Jun 1921 - 17 Sep 1921:
17 Sep 1921 - 1 Jan 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
1 Jan 1934 - 1 Jul 1934: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
1 Jul 1934 - 16 Aug 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
16 Aug 1934 - 7 Jan 1935: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
7 Jan 1935 - 7 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG


Armies

Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Army
12 Apr 1918 - 3 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Ernst Berthold LÖFSTROM
3 May 1918 - 16 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraal Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
16 May 1918: DISBANDED


Commander-in-Chief, Western Army
7 Apr 1918 - 16 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
16 May 1918: DISBANDED


Commander-in-Chief, Army of the Isthmus
2 Oct 1939 - 19 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
19 Feb 1940 - 19 Mar 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
19 Mar 1940 - 14 Jun 1944: DISBANDED
14 Jun 1944 - 6 Oct 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
6 Oct 1944: DISBANDED


Commander-in-Chief, Karelian Army
29 Jun 1941 - 29 Jan 1942: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
29 Jan 1942 - 1 Mar 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
1 Mar 1942: DISBANDED


Army Corps

General Officer Commanding, I. Corps
19 Feb 1940 - 22 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
22 Jun 1941 - 24 Aug 1941:
24 Aug 1941 - 1 Feb 1942: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
1 Feb 1942: REDESIGNATED V. CORPS


General Officer Commanding, II. Corps
14 Oct 1939 - 11 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
16 Apr 1940 - 5 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
5 Jun 1941 - 29 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
29 Jun 1941 - 24 Feb 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
24 Feb 1944 - 14 Jun 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
15 Jun 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, III. Corps
16 Oct 1939 - 19 Feb 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
19 Feb 1940 - 8 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
8 Apr 1940 - 29 May 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
29 May 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
10 Jun 1941 - 8 Nov 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
8 Nov 1942 - 25 Feb 1944:
25 Feb 1944 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, IV. Corps
8 Oct 1939 - 3 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
3 Dec 1939 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
18 Jun 1941 - 25 Aug 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
25 Aug 1941 - 30 Aug 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
30 Aug 1941 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
31 Jan 1942 - 1 Mar 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
1 Mar 1942 - 4 Mar 1944: REDESIGNATED ISTHMUS GROUP
4 Mar 1944 - 3 Dec 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
3 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, V. Corps
1 Jun 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
10 Jun 1941 - 22 Jun 1941:
22 Jun 1941 - 29 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
29 Jun 1941 - 1 Feb 1942: REDESIGNATED VI. CORPS
1 Feb 1942 - 5 May 1942: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
5 May 1942 - 22 Feb 1943: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
22 Feb 1943 - 1 Aug 1943: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
1 Aug 1943 - 5 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
5 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, VI. Corps
30 Jun 1941 - 14 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
14 Jan 1942 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
31 Jan 1942 - 29 Sep 1943: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
29 Sep 1943 - 12 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
12 Oct 1943 - 5 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
5 Jul 1944 - 29 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
29 Aug 1944 - 21 Sep 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
21 Sep 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, VII. Corps
20 Jun 1941 - 2 Jun 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
2 Jun 1942 - 15 Jun 1942: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
15 Jun 1942 - 16 Jun 1943: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
16 Jun 1943: DISBANDED


General Officer Commanding, Coastal Corps
1 Mar 1940 - 2 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
2 Mar 1940 - 25 Mar 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH


Divisions

Commander, 1st Division
11 Jun 1918 - 2 May 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Birger Alarik ÅKERMAN
2 May 1929 - 1 Jun 1929: Kenraaliluutnanti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
1 Jun 1929 - 4 Jul 1929: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
4 Jul 1929 - 27 Oct 1930: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
27 Oct 1930 - 1 Jan 1931: Kenraaliluutnanti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
1 Jan 1931 - 11 Feb 1938: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
11 Feb 1938 - 18 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
18 Feb 1940 - 31 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
31 May 1940 - 7 Jun 1940:
7 Jun 1940 - 15 Nov 1940: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO
15 Nov 1940 - 18 Jun 1941:
18 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
21 Oct 1943 - 25 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
28 Nov 1944 - 11 Jan 1947: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO


Commander, 2nd Division
8 Jun 1918 - 20 Jun 1918: Eversti Ulrich von COLER
20 Jun 1918 - 15 Mar 1919: Kenraaliluutnantti Paul Bruno von GERICH
15 Mar 1919 - 24 Jul 1919: Kenraalimajuri Carl Gustaf THESLÖF
24 Jul 1919 - 24 Sep 1919:
24 Sep 1919 - 13 Apr 1920: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
13 Apr 1920 - 6 Jul 1920:
6 Jul 1920 - 10 Apr 1921: Kenraaliluutnantti Paul Bruno von GERICH
10 Apr 1921 - 1 May 1921:
1 May 1921 - 27 Apr 1925: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
27 Apr 1925 - 20 Aug 1925: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
20 Aug 1925 - 16 Aug 1926: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
16 Aug 1926 - 27 Aug 1926: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
27 Aug 1926 - 12 Oct 1930: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
12 Oct 1930 - 11 Nov 1930: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
11 Nov 1930 - 1 Jul 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
1 Jul 1933 - 1 Jan 1934:
1 Jan 1934 - 31 Aug 1934: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
31 Aug 1934 - 3 Dec 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
3 Dec 1939 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
1 Feb 1942 - 12 May 1942: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
14 May 1942 - 7 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
7 Jul 1944 - 19 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
19 Nov 1944 - 27 Nov 1944:
27 Nov 1944 - 30 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
30 Dec 1944 - 6 Jun 1947: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
?: Eversti Eino Rafael KOSKIMIES


Commander, 3rd Division
16 May 1918 - 29 Oct 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
29 Oct 1918 - 19 Dec 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
19 Dec 1918 - 25 Mar 1919:
25 Mar 1919 - 25 Mar 1920: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
25 Mar 1920 - 13 Apr 1920:
13 Apr 1920 - 2 May 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
2 May 1925 - 29 Aug 1925: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
29 Aug 1925 - 14 Sep 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
14 Sep 1925 - 4 Nov 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
4 Nov 1925 - 21 Aug 1927: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
21 Aug 1927 -9 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
9 Jun 1928 - 31 Aug 1934: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
31 Aug 1934 - 8 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
8 Oct 1939 - 1 Jan 1940:
1 Jan 1940 - 3 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
3 Mar 1940 - 3 Apr 1940:
3 Apr 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
7 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
21 Oct 1943 - 4 Oct 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
4 Oct 1944 - 25 Oct 1944:
25 Oct 1944 - 3 Dec 1944: Eversti Aloys KUISTIO
3 Dec 1944 - 31 Dec 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
11 Jan 1945 - 27 Jan 1947: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK


Commander, 4th Division
Oct 1939 - ?: Eversti Oskar Bjarne Hugo NORDENSWAN
? - 1 Mar 1940: Eversti Auno Antero KAILA
1 Mar 1940 - 13 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
13 Mar 1940 - 25 Jun 1940:
25 Jun 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
7 Aug 1940 - 16 Jun 1941:
16 Jun 1941 - 24 Apr 1942: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Ilmari VILJANEN
24 Apr 1942 - 4 Mar 1943: Eversti Yrjö TAKKULA
4 Mar 1943 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Pietari Aleksanteri AUTTI
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 5th Division
13 Oct 1939 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Selim Engelbert ISAKSON
7 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 11 Jul 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
11 Jul 1941 - 14 May 1942: Eversti Ilmari Johannes KARHU
14 May 1942 - 21 Sep 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
21 Sep 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 6th Division
14 Oct 1939 - 1 Jan 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
1 Jan 1940 - 15 Jun 1941:
15 Jun 1941- 18 Dec 1941: Eversti Verner VIIKLA
18 Dec 1941 - 5 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
8 Aug 1944 - 14 Nov 1944: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
14 Nov 1944 - 24 Nov 1944: Eversti Arni Akseli KURENMAA
?: Eversti Auno Antero KAILA
24 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 7th Division
10 Dec 1939 - 28 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
28 Dec 1939 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
7 Aug 1940 - 17 Jun 1941:
17 Jun 1941 - 1 Aug 1943: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Aug 1943 - 28 Jan 1944: Eversti William HÄKLI
28 Jan 1944 - 15 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Selim Engelbert ISAKSON
15 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 8th Division
9 Oct 1939 - 25 Jun 1940: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
25 Jun 1940 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 9 Jan 1943: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
9 Jan 1943 - 6 Feb 1943:
6 Feb 1943 - 15 Feb 1944: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Henrik PALOJÄRVI
15 Feb 1944 - 15 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
15 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 9th Division
16 Oct 1939 - 8 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
8 Apr 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Erkki Johannes RAAPPANA
Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 10th Division
Oct 1939 - ?: Eversti Viljo Antero KAUPPILA
18 Jun 1941 - 17 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO
17 Jun 1944 - 4 Dec 1944: Eversti Kai Lorenzo Immanuel SAVONJOUSI
4 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 11th Division
Oct 1939 - ?: Eversti Eino Rafael KOSKIMIES
20 Apr 1940 - 29 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
29 May 1940 - 18 Jun 1941:
18 Jun 1941 - 12 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Aleksanteri HEISKANEN
12 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 12th Division
Oct 1939 - 31 Jan 1940: Eversti Lauri Taavetti TIAINEN
31 Jan 1940 - 26 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne SNELLMAN
26 Apr 1940 - 1 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Aug 1940 - 16 Jun 1941:
16 Jun 1941 - 18 Dec 1941: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
18 Dec 1941 - Jan 1942: Eversti Per EKHOLM
Jan 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 13th Division
13 Oct 1939 - 6 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
6 May 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Aleksanteri HEISKANEN
Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 14th Division
22 Feb 1940 - 21 Jul 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
21 Jul 1940 - 20 Jun 1941:
20 Jun 1941 - 9 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Erkki Johannes RAAPPANA
9 Aug 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 15th Division
1 May 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
7 Aug 1940 - 18 Jun 1941:
18 Jun 1941 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 17th Division
11 Jun 1941 - 13 Apr 1942: Kenraalimajuri Aarne SNELLMAN
13 Apr 1942 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Viktor Alonzo SUNDMAN
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 18th Division
10 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
21 Oct 1943 - 2 Nov 1943:
2 Nov 1943 - 26 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
26 Jun 1944 - 1 Aug 1944: Eversti Otto Gustaf SNELLMAN
1 Aug 1944 - 16 Dec 1944: Eversti Väinö Johannes OINONEN
16 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 19th Division
20 Jun 1941 - 1 Feb 1942: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
Feb 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 21st Division
10 Dec 1939 - 25 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
25 Feb 1940 - 5 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
5 Mar 1940 - 1 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
1 Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 23rd Division
16 Feb 1940 - 20 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
20 Apr 1940 - 27 Apr 1940:
27 Apr 1940 - 23 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
23 May 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Coastal Division
13 Jul 1944 - 27 Aug 1944: Eversti Pekka ENKAINEN
27 Aug 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Replacement Division
11 Oct 1939 - 10 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
10 Dec 1939: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Tank Division
28 Jun 1942 - 30 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
30 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Division J
9 Aug 1941 - 7 Aug 1942: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Henrik PALOJÄRVI
7 Aug 1942: DISBANDED


Brigades

Commander, Cavalry Brigade
9 Nov 1920 - 9 Mar 1927: Kenraalimajuri Georg LONDÉN
9 Mar 1927 - 12 Apr 1927:
12 Apr 1927 - 10 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
10 Feb 1940 - 12 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN
12 Jun 1941 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
18 Jun 1941 - 30 Oct 1941: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
30 Oct 1941 - 7 Nov 1941: Everstiluutnantti Åke WAHREN
7 Nov 1941 - 14 Nov 1941: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
14 Nov 1941 - 28 Apr 1942: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
28 Apr 1942 - 17 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
17 Jun 1944 - 10 Sep 1944: Eversti Urho TÄHTINEN
10 Sep - 29 Sep 1944: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
29 Sep 1944 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Jäger Brigade
18 Jun 1918 - 4 Jul 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
4 Jul 1918 - 5 Jan 1919: Eversti Ernst Wilhelm Edvard AUSFELD
5 Jan 1919 - 30 Sep 1924: Eversti Torsten Erik JERNSTRÖM
30 Sep 1924 - 29 Aug 1925: Everstiluutnantti Maximilian Lars Helge SAVONIUS
29 Aug 1925 - 28 Dec 1926: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
28 Dec 1926 - 1 Sep 1927: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
1 Sep 1927 - 9 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
9 Jun 1928 - 15 Jun 1928:
15 Jun 1928 - 26 Nov 1930: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
26 Nov 1930 - 30 Sep 1931: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
30 Sep 1931 - 1 Jan 1934: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
1 Jan 1934: DISBANDED
Nov 1940: REFORMED
20 Nov 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
10 Jun 1941: REDESIGNATED 1st JÄGER BRIGADE
8 Dec 1943: REFORMED
8 Dec 1943 - 1 Feb 1944: Everstiluutnantti Erik SANDSTRÖM
1 Feb 1944 - 8 Aug 1944: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
16 Aug 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Eversti Valter NORDGREN
Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Jäger Brigade
10 Jun 1941 - 11 Jul 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
11 Jul 1941 - 25 Jul 1941: Everstiluutnantti Väinö MERIKALLIO
25 Jul 1941 - 28 Jun 1942: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
28 Jun 1942: REDESIGNATED 1st TANK DIVISION


Commander, 2nd Jäger Brigade
18 Jun 1941 - 7 Mar 1942: Kenraalimajuri Viktor SUNDMAN
7 Mar 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, Savo Brigade
28 May 1927 - 15 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
15 Jun 1928 - 4 Jul 1929: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
4 Jul 1929 - 1 Jul 1933:
1 Jul 1933 - 1 May 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar SIILASVUO


Commander, Tank Brigade
28 Feb 1942 - 20 Nov 1944: Eversti Sven BJÖRKMAN
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Brigade
9 Oct 1939 - 28 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA


Commander, 2nd Brigade
8 Oct 1939 - 1 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Feb 1940 - 5 Aug 1940:
5 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN


Commander, 3rd Brigade
28 Nov 1939 - 7 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
7 Dec 1939 - 5 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
5 Aug 1940 - 16 Jan 1942:
16 Jan 1942 - 8 Jun 1942: Eversti Kai SAVONJOUSI
8 Jun 1942 - 22 Feb 1943: Kenraalimajuri Pietari AUTTI
25 Feb 1943 - 15 Feb 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
15 Feb 1944 - 12 Jun 1944: Eversti Joose HANNULA
12 Jun 1944 - 17 Jun 1944: Eversti Kai SAVONJOUSI
17 Jun 1944 - 14 Nov 1944: Eversti Lauri HAANTERÄ
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 4th Brigade
6 Oct 1939 - 28 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO


Commander, 5th Brigade
12 Aug 1940 - 18 Jun 1941: Eversti Ilmari Johannes KARHU


Commander, 6th Brigade
10 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Eversti Torvald Erik EKMAN


Commander, 8th Brigade
31 Aug 1940 - 20 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Pietari AUTTI


Commander, 11th Brigade
15 Apr 1942 - 22 Jun 1942: Eversti J. WALLDEN
22 Jun 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 12th Brigade
4 Sep 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
10 Jun 1941 - 27 Feb 1942:
27 Feb 1942 - 11 Feb 1943: Eversti August MÄKINIEMI
Feb 1943: DOWNGRADED TO 33rd INFANTRY REGIMENT


Commander, 15th Brigade
31 May 1943 - 21 Oct 1944: Eversti Aloys KUISTIO
21 Oct 1944 - 1 Jan 1945: Eversti Antti PENNANEN
1 Jan 1945: DISBANDED


Commander, 16th Brigade
28 Nov 1941 - 25 May 1942: Eversti Väinö MERIKALLIO
25 May 1942: DOWNGRADED TO 16th INFANTRY REGIMENT


Commander, 19th Brigade
1 Jan 1944 - 5 Sep 1944: Eversti Lauri MASKULA
5 Sep 1944 - ?: Eversti Mauno von SCHROWE
? - Nov 1944: Eversti Lauri MASKULA
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 20th Brigade
1 Jan 1944 - 22 Jun 1944: Eversti Armas KEMPPI
22 Jun 1944 - ?: Eversti Yrjö SORA


Commander, 21st Brigade
Dec 1943 - 13 Aug 1944: Eversti Torvald EKMAN
13 Aug 1944 - ? Aug 1944: Eversti Urho TÄHTINEN
? Aug 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Eversti Torvald EKMAN
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Border Jäger Brigade
4 Jul 1944 - 10 Oct 1944: Eversti Kustaa INKALA
10 Oct 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Eversti E. JUVA
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Kuussaari Brigade
29 Jul 1941 - 4 Nov 1941: Eversti Eero KUUSSAARI
Nov 1941: DISBANDED


Commander, Light Brigade T
9 Jul 1941 - 24 Aug 1941: Eversti Matti TIIAINEN
25 Aug 1941 - 5 Sep 1941: Eversti Valter NORDGREN
Sep 1941: DISBANDED


Commander, Light Brigade
5 Dec 1944 - 26 Apr 1946: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON


Commander, Äänis Coastal Brigade
18 Mar 1943 - 8 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN


Commander, East Finland Coastal Brigade
10 Jul 1944 - 8 Sep 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO


Commander, Ladoga Coastal Brigade
31 Dec 1941 - 18 Mar 1943: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN


Commander, Uudenmaa Coastal Brigade
25 Feb 1942 - 10 Jul 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO
10 Jul 1944 - 8 Sep 1944:
8 Sep 1944 - 4 Dec 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO

[Harri]

Excellent job!

But there are always something which needs enhancing:

1.) In Finland Commander-in-Chief during the peace-time is the President of the State. The title of the highest military commander is the Commander of the Defence Forces, initially Chief of Military Forces.

2.) Chief of General Staff was only during peace time. War time he was just called Chief of Staff (of Supreme HQ).

3.) Branch commanders are just... Commanders.

4.) Before and during the Winter War until June 1940 Navy/Fleet was called Coastal Fleet. That explains why there is no Commander before June 1940. After that a new Navy HQ was formed (from an areal HQ) and Coastal Fleet continued as its sub-HQ until spring 1942.

5.) There is no such as Army of the Isthmus (except during the Winter War) but I think "Karelian Isthmus Army" is a better translation. At the beginning of the Continuation War there was "Karelian Army". These all were different armies. I don't either understand why all were "disbanded"? Some were but some were also suspended which was more common also when a HQ or a unit was redesignated.

6.) I would not bundle army corps, divisions and brigades of peace-time, Winter War and Continuation War because they were different HQs and units. I mean peace-time 1.D didn't become 1.D during the war, peace-time V Army Corps became III Army Corps and so on. One of the few exceptions is Cavalry Brigade which was all the time the same unit.

7.) In a Finnish army corps the Roman numeral is always without dot because Roman numerals mean sequence (1st = I, 2nd = II and so on). So: "I Army Corps" etc.

8.) In Finland Army, army corps, division, brigade, regiment and battalion have Commanders, company has Chief and platoon and squad have Leaders.

9.) There was no Coastal Corps, should be "Coastal Group" (originally "Viborg [Viipuri] Coastal Sector" between 28.2. - 1.3.1940). Also "Hanko Group" and "Group Oinonen" are missing like the Winter War era "Åland Islands Group", "Detachment/Group Talvela", "Hamina Group", "North Finland Group" and "Lapland Group".

10.) A few corrections and additions:
- Border Jäger Brigade preferably "Frontier Jäger Brigade" (basically both are correct).
- Tank Brigade should be "Armoured Brigade", also "1st Tank Division" should be "Armoured Division".
- Brigade K[uussaari]
- Brigade Vuokko (missing, during the Winter War)
- Lake Onega Coastal Brigade
- Lake Ladoga Coastal Brigade
- East Gulf of Finland Coastal Brigade
- Uusimaa Coastal Brigade
- Turku Archipelago Sea Coastal Brigade (missing from the list)

Some information from here:
http://www.geocities.com/finnmilpge/

[AJK]

Hi Harri!

Many thanks for your corrections - this is exactly the kind of response that I was hoping to get. Thank you also for the link to the Finnish Military Page. There is already a lot of useful information there, and I am looking forward to when it is completed.

Merry Christmas, and a happy New Year!

AJK

[Mikko H.]

As a general note on your list, AJK, I suppose you purposefully use anachronistic ranks, i.e. the last rank attained by the person, instead the rank he hald at the time?

1.) In Finland Commander-in-Chief during the peace-time is the President of the State. The title of the highest military commander is the Commander of the Defence Forces, initially Chief of Military Forces.

As Harri said, the title of the highest soldier (after the President of the Republic who constitutionally is the Commander-in-Chief) was Chief of the Military Forces (sotavoimien päällikkö -- IIRC the exact title varied until this form was used from the early 1920s). This title was used until 17 October 1939 when Mannerheim was appointed Commander of the Defense Forces (puolustusvoimien komentaja), the title he used until becoming the Commander-in-Chief of the Defense Forces (puolustusvoimien ylipäällikkö) on the day the Winter War started. Difference between Chief of the Military Forces and Commander of the Defense Forces was more than just the title: the latter had more wide-ranging powers.

Mannerheim remained the Commander-in-Chief until the end of his presidency, but from 31 December 1944 Heinrichs became Commander of the Defense Forces (temporary until 12 January 1945). Thereafter there has again been a professional soldier under the President using the title Commander of the Defense Forces.

Commander-in-Chief of Land Forces
1 Jul 1933 - 14 Oct 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
14 Oct 1939 - 19 Mar 1940:
19 Mar 1940 - 16 May 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS

Öhquist was Commander of the (one and only) Army Corps, effectively the commander of Finland's ground forces, but not in title. The title used by Heinrichs was unique.

3.) Branch commanders are just... Commanders.

As Harri says, in Finnish parlance the chiefs of the Air Force and Naval Forces are commanders, not commanders-in-chief: Commander of the Air Force (ilmavoimien komentaja) and Commander of the Naval Forces (merivoimien komentaja).

[Mikko H.]

BTW, are you AJK aware of my postings here: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=82662

Commander-in-Chief, Army of the Isthmus
2 Oct 1939 - 19 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
19 Feb 1940 - 19 Mar 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
19 Mar 1940 - 14 Jun 1944: DISBANDED
14 Jun 1944 - 6 Oct 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
6 Oct 1944: DISBANDED

5.) There is no such as Army of the Isthmus (except during the Winter War) but I think "Karelian Isthmus Army" is a better translation. At the beginning of the Continuation War there was "Karelian Army". These all were different armies. I don't either understand why all were "disbanded"? Some were but some were also suspended which was more common also when a HQ or a unit was redesignated.

In my opinion the best translation for the Kannaksen Armeija is Army of the Isthmus. However, the command held by Oesch in late Continuation War was not a continuation of the old, Winter War-era army -- in fact it wasn't an army at all. Oesch's title was Commander of the Isthmus Forces (Kannaksen joukkojen komentaja), and the staff that was gathered to serve under him went by the name of Headquarters of the Commander of the Isthmus Forces (Kannaksen joukkojen komentajan esikunta). It was not an army HQ, but a command and staff created personally for Oesch for the situation in Karelian Isthmus in June 1944.

6.) I would not bundle army corps, divisions and brigades of peace-time, Winter War and Continuation War because they were different HQs and units. I mean peace-time 1.D didn't become 1.D during the war, peace-time V Army Corps became III Army Corps and so on. One of the few exceptions is Cavalry Brigade which was all the time the same unit.

I completely agree with Harri here. There was no continuity between similarily numbered divisions (& brigades & regiments) in the Winter and Continuation Wars.

[Mikko H.]

Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force
Feb 1918 - 10 Mar 1918: Luutnantti Sture LANDERGREN
10 Mar 1918 - 28 Apr 1918: Kapteeni Johann Allan HYGERTH
28 Apr 1918 - 13 Dec 1918: Kapteeni Carl SEBER
13 Dec 1918 - 9 Jan 1919: Everstiluutnantti Torsten Ivan AMINOFF
9 Jan 1919 - 25 Oct 1920: Kenraalimajuri Sixtus HJELMMAN
25 Oct 1920 - 2 Feb 1926: Everstiluutnantti Aarne Sakari SOMERSALO
2 Feb 1926 - 7 Sep 1932: Eversti Väinö Aleksanteri VUORI
8 Sep 1932 - 30 Jun 1945: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
30 Jun 1945 - 30 Nov 1952: Eversti Frans Edvard HELMINEN

Keskinen, Partonen & Stenman: Suomen ilmavoimat 1918-27 (2005) has the following list:

Kapteeni Allan Hygerth 10 March 1918 - 17 April 1918
Kapteeni Karl Seber 17 April 1918 - 14 December 1918
Everstiluutnantti Torsten Aminoff (acting) 14 December 1918 - 10 January 1919
Everstiluutnantti Sixtus Hjelmman (acting) 10 January 1919 - 26 October 1920
Majuri Arne Somersalo 26 October 1920 - 4 February 1926
Majuri Väinö Vuori 4 February 1926 -

Note that Hygerth was the first officially appointed commander. The first aircraft had arrived in Finland on 25 February 1918, but the Finnish Air Force counts its birth from the arrival of the second aircraft (the famous Thulin typ D donated by Count von Rosen) which arrived on 6 March. By just leafing the book I can't fid a mention of luutnantti Landergren, but he certainly was not a commader, at least in any official capacity. The Finnish Air Force, then named Ilmailulaitos, was officially created by Mannerheim's order on 10 March 1918.

[Mikko H.]

I made a more thorough search of Keskinen, Partonen & Stenman: Suomen ilmavoimat 1918-27, and still couldn't find a mention of luutnantti Sture Landergren (or any name resembling that).

BTW, here's the official Finnish Air Force list of commanders -- they start with Seber!

http://www.ilmavoimat.fi/index.php?id=36

[AJK]

Hi Mikko,

Many thanks for your valuable input - I appreciate your comments, and will certainly make corrections/amendments to my list based on them.

You are correct in your deduction that I have used the final rank achieved by the officer in question, rather than the rank held while commanding the unit in question. This is a matter that I have given a lot of thought to in the past, when writing other histories, and is an option that I took in order to try to keep matters clear when dealing with officers with similar/identical names (e.g. General der Infanterie Hans Schmidt and Generalleutnant Hans Schmidt). Although such confusion does not exist when dealing with Finnish Generals, nevertheless I have chosen to maintain my standard approach to such matters.

My original OB list did not use translated terms for positions held by the various senior officers, but instead a more generic form of address, hence the use of the title "Commander-in-Chief" instead of just "Commander". Traditionally, in most Armed Forces, the senior military commander held the title C-in-C, and I previously chose to adopt this generic title when dealing with Finland's Armed Forces. However, based on your comments, and upon further reflection, I have decided to use the correct, translated, Finnish terms and will make the necessary corrections. (In fact, in the history of Latvia's armed forces - my ethnic heritage - there are similar changes in the title for the highest military commander: Commander-in-Chief of the Army, then Inspector of the Armed Forces, finally Commander of the Army).

I am aware of your postings in the thread: forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=82662 and have made certain corrections to my list.

Finally, thank you for the corrections to the list of Air Force commanders. It has been several years since I compiled that particular list, so unfortunately I cannot remember where I might have found the name Landergren as AF commander, but I will bow to the expertise of Keskinen, Partonen & Stenman and change my list.

Because of all the changes that I am having to make, due to the kind help of Mikko and Harri, I will be posting a revised list of the Finnish OB before the end of the week, and will again ask for comments on the new list.

Thank you to you all for your help.

Best wishes,

Andris
(AJK)

[ML]

AJK has compiled an impressive list so far, some remarks:

As others have already said, there is no point to combine units that existed before war with units of 1939-1940 war or units of 1941-44 war. In addition, some units were renamed during the course of war.

Numbers of three divisions were changed during the Winter War (1.1.1940). 6.D was renamed as 3.D, 11.D became 2.D and 10.D became 7.D. This explains some of the missing commanders in your list.

Often units with same name have nothing or very little in common. During the Continuation War some Staffs of the Corps (AKE) retained their number but got new troops. In other cases staffs were moved to existing corps and renamed after the new corps they were about to command. Sometimes the Corps of the Continuation war can get quite complicated, as seen in the examples below:

III Corps between 1941 and 1945:
During the 1940-41 Interim Peace V AKE (Staff of the peacetime V Corps) was in charge of the defense of Northern Finland. Just before the war in 1941 it became III AKE and formed the III Corps (Siilasvuo as Commander) with 3.D as the only division. In November 1942 Siilasvuo was transferred to Chief Inspector of Military Schools and Staff of III Corps (III AKE) was left without troops or commander and subordinated to commander of 3.D. In March 1944 III AKE was moved to Karelian Isthmus and got 15.D, 18.D and 19.Pr and Siilasvuo was back again. In September 1944 III AKE and Siilasvuo were sent to Lapland, this time with 3.D, 6.D, 11.D, Ps.D, 15.Pr. and RajaJPr. So the corps' staff (III AKE, originally V AKE) was basically the same throughout the war, but the troops were changing. Between Nov 1942 and Feb 1944 III Corps practically did not exist, although the staff was there.

I Corps and V Corps in Continuation War:
During the mobilization in June 1941 peacetime Staff of the Frontier Guard formed the wartime Staff of the I Corps (I AKE). It had no troops and was designated as reserve. Later in June 1941 this I AKE was moved to Northern Karelia were it formed Staff of the Karelian Army (Kar.AE). Subordinated to it were VII Corps, Group O and newly formed VI Corps. Staff of the new VI Corps (VI AKE) was the former Staff of wartime V Corps (V AKE, not the same as peacetime V AKE in the example above). This first wartime V Corps had existed only a short period in June 1941. In July 1941 there were no longer I Corps or V Corps or their staffs. In August 1941 new I Corps and new Staff of the I Corps (I AKE) were formed. I Corps got all the VII Corps' troops and one division from II Corps. Staff of the VII Corps (VII AKE) was moved elsewhere to form new VII Corps of different troops. Later in 1941 Staff of the I Corps was moved without its troops to Karelian Isthmus, where it got new divisions to command. In 1942 I AKE was moved to Syväri, where it became Staff of the V Corps (V AKE). In the summer 1944, Staff of the V Corps was again moved to Bay of Viborg, where it formed yet another V Corps with different composition. So there were two different I AKE and two different V AKE (+ peacetime V AKE), of which the later I AKE became the later V AKE in 1942. I AKE was first without troops and I Corps fought later on two fronts with different troops. V Corps was in three different areas in three different compositions with two different staffs.

[AJK]

ML, many thanks for your helpful comments.

Best wishes,

AJK

[Mikko H.]

Commander, Cavalry Brigade
9 Nov 1920 - 9 Mar 1927: Kenraalimajuri Georg LONDÉN
9 Mar 1927 - 12 Apr 1927:
12 Apr 1927 - 10 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
10 Feb 1940 - 12 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN
12 Jun 1941 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
18 Jun 1941 - 30 Oct 1941: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
30 Oct 1941 - 7 Nov 1941: Everstiluutnantti Åke WAHREN
7 Nov 1941 - 14 Nov 1941: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
14 Nov 1941 - 28 Apr 1942: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
28 Apr 1942 - 17 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
17 Jun 1944 - 10 Sep 1944: Eversti Urho TÄHTINEN
10 Sep - 29 Sep 1944: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
29 Sep 1944 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED

The following list has been compiled using mainly Suomen ratsuväen historia vols. I & II.

14 November 1920 - 9 March 1927 [*] eversti Georg Londén (promoted to kenraalimajuri on 16 May 1923)
9 March 1927 - 16 April 1927 eversti Oskar Vilkama (temporary)
16 April 1927 - 10 February 1940 eversti Georg Palmroth (promoted to kenraalimajuri on 9 December 1932)
10 February 1940 - 10 April 1940 eversti Harry Alfthan
10 April 1940 - 27 April 1941 kenraalimajuri Georg Palmroth
27 April 1941 - 9 June 1941 eversti Harry Alfthan (promoted to kenraalimajuri on 6 June 1941)
9 June 1941 - 18 June 1941 kenraalimajuri Woldemar Oinonen
18 June 1941 - 28 April 1942 eversti Gustaf Ehrnrooth (temporary)
(30 October 1941 - 7 November 1941 everstiluutnantti Åke Wahren (acting))
(7 November 1941 - 14 November 1941 everstiluutnantti Hans Olof von Essen (acting))
28 April 1942 - 17 June 1944 eversti Lars Melander (promoted to kenraalimajuri on 12 March 1944)
17 June 1944 - 10 September 1944 eversti Urho Tähtinen
(7 August 1944 - ? August 1944 eversti Bertel Ikonen (deputy))
10 September 1944 - 29 September 1944 eversti Hans Olof von Essen (temporary)
29 September 1944 - 28 November 1944 kenraalimajuri Lars Melander

[*] Londén was dismissed by a presidential order dated 4 March 1927, but he wasn't informed until 9 March.

[AJK]

Thanks, Mikko, for filling in the gaps regarding the Cavalry Brigade.

Best wishes,

AJK

[Harri]

I found this from the "history section" of Antila's register on soldiers of Finnish Air Defence:
Swedish (?) Lt. Sture LANDERGREN made the proposal to Finnish Supreme HQ to form Finnish air corps in February 1918. The proposal was accepted and Swedish Capt. Allan Hygerth became the first Chief on 10.3.1918 like Mikko wrote.

[AJK]

Well, here goes! As promised, based on the input received so far from our knowledgeable Finnish experts, here is my revised order of battle of the Finnish armed forces. Any additional comments, information, and corrections would be most welcome.

Hyvää uutta vuotta!

Andris


ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE FINNISH ARMED FORCES 1918 - 1945

HIGH COMMAND

Chief of the Armed Forces
During peacetime, the Commander-in-Chief of the Finnish Armed Forces was the President of Finland. Upon the outbreak of war, a senior General was appointed Commander-in-Chief to oversee the operational command of the armed forces during the conflict. The title of the highest military officer changed several times during the period 1918 - 1945: Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces/Sotajouken ylipäällikkö (Jan 1918 - Aug 1918), Commander-in-Chief of the Army/Armeijan ylipäällikkö (Aug 1918 - Sep 1919), Chief of the Armed Forces/Sotaväen päällikkö (Sep 1919 - Oct 1939), Commander of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimien komentaja (Oct 1939 - Dec 1939), Commander-in-Chief of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimien ylipäällikkö (Oct 1939 - Dec 1944), Commander of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimain komentaja (Dec 1944 - Jun 1946).

16 Jan 1918 - 29 May 1918: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
29 May 1918 - 13 Aug 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
13 Aug 1918 - 12 Dec 1918: Kenraalimajuri Wilhelm THESLEFF
12 Dec 1918 - 31 Dec 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl Rudolf WALDÉN
31 Dec 1918 - 18 Jun 1919: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
18 Jun 1919 - 12 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Kaarlo Edvard KIVEKÄS
12 Sep 1919 - 8 Aug 1924: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
8 Aug 1924 - 16 Apr 1925: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
16 Apr 1925 - 2 Oct 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
2 Oct 1925 - 22 May 1926: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
22 May 1926 - 9 Aug 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
9 Aug 1929 - 22 Aug 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
22 Aug 1929 - 12 Jan 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
12 Jan 1933 - 17 Oct 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
17 Oct 1939 - 31 Dec 1944: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
31 Dec 1944 - 2 Jul 1945: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
2 Jul 1945 - 6 Jun 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST


Chief of the General Staff/Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ
Similar to the position of Chief of the Armed Forces, that of Chief of the General Staff went through a veritable host of changes in denomination during the period in question: Chief of Staff, Supreme HQ/Päämajan esikuntapäällikkö (Jan 1918 - Feb 1918), Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces/Sotajoukkojen ylipäällikkön esikuntapäällikkö (Feb 1918 - Mar 1918), Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces/Sotajoukkojen esikuntapäällikkö (Mar 1918 - May 1918), Chief of Staff, Armed Forces Supreme HQ/Sotajoukkojen päämajan esikuntapäällikkö (May 1918 - Sep 1924), Chief of the Army General Staff/Armeijan yleisesikuntapäällikkö/Armeijan yleisesikunnan päällikkö (Jun 1918 - Sep 1919),Chief of Staff of the General Staff/Yleisesikunnan esikuntapäällikkö (Sep 1924 - Jul 1925), Chief of the General Staff/Yleisesikunnan päällikkö (Jul 1925 - Dec 1939), Chief of the General Staff, Supreme HQ/Päämajan yleisesikuntapäällikkö (Dec 1939 - May 1940), Chief of the General Staff/Yleisesikunnan päällikkö (May 1940 - Jun 1941), Chief of the General Staff, Supreme HQ/Päämajan yleisesikunnan päällikkö (Jun 1941 - Oct 1944), Chief of the General Staff, Defense Forces General Staff/Puolustusvoimien Pääesikunnan yleisesikunnan päällikkö (Oct 1944 and beyond).

18 Jan 1918 - 18 Feb 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
18 Feb 1918 - 6 Mar 1918: Kenraalimajuri Karl Emil BERG
6 Mar 1918 - 6 May 1918: Kenraalimajuri Gösta THESLÖF
6 May 1918 - 1 Jun 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Johannes Ferdinand IGNATIUS
4 Jun 1918 - 5 Aug 1918: Kenraalimajuri Nils Gabriel PROCOPÉ
5 Aug 1918 - 31 Dec 1918: Eversti Konrad von REDERN
31 Dec 1918 - 5 Mar 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
5 Mar 1919 - 12 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnantti Johannes Ferdinand IGNATIUS
12 Sep 1919 - 16 Sep 1919: Kenraaliluutnanti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
16 Sep 1919 - 25 Jun 1924: Kenraaliluutnantti Oskar ENCKELL
(1920 - 1921, Acting: Eversti Hans Henrik BRUMMER)
25 Jun 1924 - 3 Jul 1924: Kenraalimajuri Hjalmar Aleksander SÖDERMAN
3 Jul 1924 - 18 Sep 1924: Kenraaliluutnantti Oskar ENCKELL
18 Sep 1924 - 17 Jul 1925: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
17 Jul 1925 - 12 Jul 1928: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
12 Jul 1928 - 26 Jul 1928: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
26 Jul 1928 - 27 Oct 1930: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
27 Oct 1930 - 2 Mar 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
2 Mar 1940 - 25 Mar 1940:
25 Mar 1940 - 11 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
11 Apr 1940 - 16 May 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
16 May 1940 - 29 Jun 1941: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
30 Jun 1941 - 14 Jul 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Viljo Einar TUOMPO
14 Jul 1941 - 21 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
21 Jan 1942 - 30 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Viljo Einar TUOMPO
30 Jan 1942 - 6 Oct 1944: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
6 Oct 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
27 Nov 1944 - 11 Mar 1949: Kenraaliluutnantti Aksel Fredrick AIRO


Commander of the Army Corps (Armeijakunnan komentaja)
1 Jul 1933 - 14 Oct 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST


Commander of Land Forces (Maavoimien komentaja)
19 Mar 1940 - 16 May 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS


Commander of the Navy
The Finnish Navy was known by several denominations during the period 1918 - 1945, and the title of its commanding officer reflected these changes: Commander of the Fleet/Laivaston komentaja (Jul 1918 - May 1919), Chief of the Fleet/Laivaston päällikkö (May 1919 - Jun 1928?), Chief of Naval Defense/Meripuolustuksen päällikkö (Jun 1928 - Jul 1933), Commander of the Navy/Merivoimien komentaja (Jul 1933 - May 1946). Upon the outbreak of World War II, a separate fleet was formed, subordinate to the Commander of the Navy).
10 Jul 1918 - 16 May 1919: Kontra-amiraali Baron Johannes INDRENIUS
17 May 1919 - 18 Jul 1919: Kontra-amiraali Hjalmar von BONSDORFF
18 Jul 1919 - 16 Jan 1923:
16 Jan 1923 - 22 Jan 1926: Kontra-amiraali Gustaf Toivo Johannes von SCHOULTZ
22 Jan 1926 - 11 Aug 1926: Komentaja Yrjö ROOS
11 Aug 1926 - 26 May 1927: Komentaja Arvo Aleksanteri WIRTA
26 May 1927 - 9 Jun 1928:
9 Jun 1928 - 3 Oct 1936: Kenraaliluutnantti Väinö Lahja Richard VALVE
3 Oct 1936 - 20 Oct 1936: Kontra-amiraali Svante August SUNDMAN
20 Oct 1936 - 15 May 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Väinö Lahja Richard VALVE


Commander of the Fleet (Laivaston komentaja)
20 Jul 1940 - 1 Jul 1945: Kontra-amiraali Eero Aksel RAHOLA


Commander of the Air Force (Ilmavoimien komentaja)
10 Mar 1918 - 17 Apr 1918: Kapteeni Johann Allan HYGERTH
17 Apr 1918 - 14 Dec 1918: Kapteeni Carl SEBER
14 Dec 1918 - 10 Jan 1919: Everstiluutnantti Torsten Ivan AMINOFF
10 Jan 1919 - 26 Oct 1920: Kenraalimajuri Sixtus HJELMMAN
26 Oct 1920 - 4 Feb 1926: Everstiluutnantti Aarne Sakari SOMERSALO
4 Feb 1926 - 7 Sep 1932: Eversti Väinö Aleksanteri VUORI
8 Sep 1932 - 30 Jun 1945: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
30 Jun 1945 - 30 Nov 1952: Eversti Frans Edvard HELMINEN


Inspector of Infantry (Jalkaväen tarkastaja)
5 Apr 1919 - 30 Aug 1928: Jalkaväenkenraali Ernst Berthold LÖFSTROM
30 Aug 1928 - 12 Jan 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
12 Jan 1933 - 3 Sep 1934:
3 Sep 1934 - 24 Jan 1938: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
24 Jan 1938 - 11 Feb 1938:
11 Feb 1938 - 16 Oct 1939: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
20 Jul 1944 - 14 Jun 1946: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN


Inspector of Cavalry (Ratsuväen tarkastaja)
12 Dec 1918 - 24 Jul 1919: Ratsuväenkenraali Ernst LINDER


Inspector of Artillery (Tykistön tarkastaja)
2 Feb 1918 - 18 Feb 1918: Kenraalimajuri Adolf Gustaf von REHAUSEN
18 Feb 1918 - 12 Jul 1918: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
12 Jul 1918 - 5 Jan 1919:
5 Jan 1919 - 2 Feb 1919: Eversti Ludvig August SCHWINDT
2 Feb 1919 - 5 May 1920: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Edvard KIVEKÄS
25 May 1920 - 16 Apr 1937: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN
16 Apr 1937 - 18 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
18 Oct 1939 - 16 Dec 1940:
16 Dec 1940 - 15 Dec 1947: Tykistönkenraali Vilho Petter NENONEN


Commanding General, Home Defense Corps/Civil Guard (Suojeluskuntain ylipäällikkö/komentaja)
2 Aug 1918 - 27 Nov 1918: Kenraalimajuri Wilhelm Aleksander THESLEFF
27 Nov 1918 - 30 Dec 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Karl Rudolf WALDÉN
30 Dec 1918 - 28 Feb 1919: Suomen Marsalkka Carl Gustav Baron MANNERHEIM
28 Feb 1919 - 20 Jun 1921: Kenraalimajuri Georg Didrik von ESSEN
20 Jun 1919 - 22 Jun 1921: Kenraalimajuri Karl Emil BERG
22 Jun 1921 - 17 Sep 1921:
17 Sep 1921 - 1 Jan 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
1 Jan 1934 - 1 Jul 1934: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
1 Jul 1934 - 16 Aug 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG
16 Aug 1934 - 7 Jan 1935: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
7 Jan 1935 - 7 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Kaarlo Lauri Torvald MALMBERG


ARMIES

I: War of Independence (Vapaussota, 1918)

Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Army (Itä-Armeijan komentaja)
12 Apr 1918 - 3 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Ernst Berthold LÖFSTROM
3 May 1918 - 16 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraal Karl-Fredrik WILKAMA
16 May 1918: DISBANDED


Commander-in-Chief, Western Army (Länsi-Armeijan komentaja)
7 Apr 1918 - 16 May 1918: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
16 May 1918: DISBANDED


II: Winter War (Talvisota, November 1939- March 1940)

Commander-in-Chief, Army of the Isthmus (Kannaksen Armeijan komentaja)
2 Oct 1939 - 19 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
19 Feb 1940 - 19 Mar 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
19 Mar 1940: DISBANDED


III: Continuation War (Jatkosota, June 1941 - September 1944)

Commander-in-Chief, Karelian Army (Karjalan Armeijan komentaja)
29 Jun 1941 - 29 Jan 1942: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
29 Jan 1942 - 1 Mar 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
1 Mar 1942: DISBANDED


IV: Lapland War (Lapinsota, September 1944 - April 1945)


ARMY CORPS & CORPS LEVEL GROUPS (Winter War, Continuation War, Lapland War)

Commander, I Corps (I Armeijakunnan komentaja)
19 Feb 1940 - 22 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
22 Jun 1941 - 24 Aug 1941:
24 Aug 1941 - 1 Feb 1942: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
1 Feb 1942: REDESIGNATED V. CORPS


Commander, II Corps (II Armeijakunnan komentaja)
14 Oct 1939 - 11 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
16 Apr 1940 - 5 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
5 Jun 1941 - 29 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
29 Jun 1941 - 24 Feb 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
25 Aug 1941 - 30 Aug 1941: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
30 Aug 1941 - 1 Mar 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
1 Mar 1942: REDESIGNATED MAASELKÄ GROUP
24 Feb 1944: REFORMED
24 Feb 1944 - 14 Jun 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
15 Jun 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, III Corps (III Armeijakunnan komentaja)
16 Oct 1939 - 19 Feb 1940: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
19 Feb 1940 - 8 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
8 Apr 1940 - 29 May 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
29 May 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
10 Jun 1941 - 8 Nov 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
8 Nov 1942 - 25 Feb 1944: NO COMMANDER APPOINTED
25 Feb 1944 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, IV Corps (IV Armeijakunnan komentaja)
8 Oct 1939 - 3 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
3 Dec 1939 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
18 Jun 1941 - 25 Aug 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
25 Aug 1941 - 30 Aug 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
30 Aug 1941 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
31 Jan 1942 - 1 Mar 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
1 Mar 1942 - 4 Mar 1944: REDESIGNATED ISTHMUS GROUP
4 Mar 1944: REFORMED
4 Mar 1944 - 3 Dec 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
3 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, V Corps (V Armeijakunnan komentaja)
1 Jun 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
10 Jun 1941 - 22 Jun 1941:
22 Jun 1941 - 29 Jun 1941: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
29 Jun 1941: REDESIGNATED VI. CORPS
1 Feb 1942: REFORMED
1 Feb 1942 - 5 May 1942: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
5 May 1942 - 22 Feb 1943: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
22 Feb 1943 - 1 Aug 1943: Kenraalimajuri Einar Nikolai MÄKINEN
1 Aug 1943 - 5 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
5 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, VI Corps (VI Armeijakunnan komentaja)
30 Jun 1941 - 14 Jan 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
14 Jan 1942 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
31 Jan 1942 - 29 Sep 1943: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
29 Sep 1943 - 12 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
12 Oct 1943 - 5 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
5 Jul 1944 - 29 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
29 Aug 1944 - 21 Sep 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
21 Sep 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, VII Corps (VII Armeijakunnan komentaja)
20 Jun 1941 - 2 Jun 1942: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
2 Jun 1942 - 15 Jun 1942: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
15 Jun 1942 - 16 Jun 1943: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND
16 Jun 1943: DISBANDED


Commander, Åland Islands Group (Ahvenanmaan rhymän komentaja)
Oct 1939 - 30 Nov 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL


Commander, Coastal Group (Rannikkoryhmän komentaja)
1 Mar 1940 - 2 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS
2 Mar 1940 - 25 Mar 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH


Commander, Hamina Group (Haminan rhymän komentaja)
7 Mar 1940 - 28 Mar 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Edvard Fritjof HANELL


Commander, Isthmus Group (Kannaksen rhymän komentaja)
1 Mar 1942 - 4 Mar 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
4 Mar 1944: REDESIGNATED IV CORPS


Commander, Lapland Group (Lapin rhymän komentaja)
11 Dec 1939 - 13 Dec 1939: Eversti Oiva WILLAMO
13 Dec 1939 - 24 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Kurt Martti WALLENIUS


Commander, Maaselkä Group (Maaselän rhymän komentaja)
1 Mar 1942 - 4 Mar 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
4 Mar 1944: REDESIGNATED II CORPS


Commander, North Finland Group (Pohjois-Suomen rhymän komentaja)
10 Oct 1939 - 6 Jun 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Viljo Einar TUOMPO


Commander, Oinonen Group (Rhymä Oinosen komentaja)
18 Jun 1941 - 15 May 1942: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
15 May 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, Olonets Group (Aunuksen rhymän komentaja)
1 Mar 1942 - 14 Jun 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
14 Jun 1944 - 18 Jul 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
18 Jul 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Swedish Volunteer Group (Rhymä Svenska Frivilligkårenin komentaja)
28 Feb 1940 - 13 Mar 1940: Ratsuväenkenraali Ernst LINDER


Commander, Talvela Group (Rhymä Talvelan komentaja)
5 Dec 1939 - 20 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Paavo Juho TALVELA
20 Feb 1940 - 22 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aaro PAJARI


DIVISIONS

I: Peacetime Divisions

Commander, 1st Division (1. Divisioonan komentaja)
11 Jun 1918 - 2 May 1929: Kenraaliluutnantti Birger Alarik ÅKERMAN
2 May 1929 - 1 Jun 1929: Kenraaliluutnanti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
1 Jun 1929 - 4 Jul 1929: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
4 Jul 1929 - 27 Oct 1930: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
27 Oct 1930 - 1 Jan 1931: Kenraaliluutnanti Edvard Fritjof HANELL
1 Jan 1931 - 11 Feb 1938: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
11 Feb 1938 - 30 Nov 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN


Commander, 2nd Division (2. Divisioonan komentaja)
8 Jun 1918 - 20 Jun 1918: Eversti Ulrich von COLER
20 Jun 1918 - 15 Mar 1919: Kenraaliluutnantti Paul Bruno von GERICH
15 Mar 1919 - 24 Jul 1919: Kenraalimajuri Carl Gustaf THESLÖF
24 Jul 1919 - 24 Sep 1919:
24 Sep 1919 - 13 Apr 1920: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
13 Apr 1920 - 6 Jul 1920:
6 Jul 1920 - 10 Apr 1921: Kenraaliluutnantti Paul Bruno von GERICH
10 Apr 1921 - 1 May 1921:
1 May 1921 - 27 Apr 1925: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
27 Apr 1925 - 20 Aug 1925: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
20 Aug 1925 - 16 Aug 1926: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
16 Aug 1926 - 27 Aug 1926: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
27 Aug 1926 - 12 Oct 1930: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
12 Oct 1930 - 11 Nov 1930: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Vilhelm SVANSTRÖM
11 Nov 1930 - 1 Jul 1933: Kenraaliluutnantti Harald ÖHQUIST
1 Jul 1933 - 1 Jan 1934:
1 Jan 1934 - 31 Aug 1934: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
31 Aug 1934 - 3 Dec 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Johann Woldemar HÄGGLUND


Commander, 3rd Division (3. Divisioonan komentaja)
16 May 1918 - 29 Oct 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Aarne SIHVO
29 Oct 1918 - 19 Dec 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
19 Dec 1918 - 25 Mar 1919:
25 Mar 1919 - 25 Mar 1920: Jalkaväenkenraali Paul Martin WETZER
25 Mar 1920 - 13 Apr 1920:
13 Apr 1920 - 2 May 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Alexander TUNZELMAN von Adlerflug
2 May 1925 - 29 Aug 1925: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
29 Aug 1925 - 14 Sep 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
14 Sep 1925 - 4 Nov 1925: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
4 Nov 1925 - 21 Aug 1927: Kenraaliluutnantti Hugo Viktor ÖSTERMAN
21 Aug 1927 -9 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
9 Jun 1928 - 31 Aug 1934: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
31 Aug 1934 - 8 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
8 Oct 1939: DISBANDED


II: Wartime Divisions (Winter War, Continuation War, Lapland War)

Commander, 1st Division (1. Divisioonan komentaja)
30 Nov 1939 - 18 Feb 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
18 Feb 1940 - 31 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
31 May 1940 - 7 Jun 1940:
7 Jun 1940 - 15 Nov 1940: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO
15 Nov 1940 - 18 Jun 1941:
18 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
21 Oct 1943 - 25 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
28 Nov 1944 - 11 Jan 1947: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO


Commander, 2nd Division (2. Divisioonan komentaja)
1 Jan 1940 - ?: Eversti Eino Rafael KOSKIMIES
10 Jun 1941 - 25 Aug 1941: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
25 Aug 1941 - 30 Aug 1941: Eversti Armas KEMPPI
30 Aug 1941 - 31 Jan 1942: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
1 Feb 1942 - 12 May 1942: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
14 May 1942 - 7 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
7 Jul 1944 - 19 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
19 Nov 1944 - 27 Nov 1944:
27 Nov 1944 - 30 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
30 Dec 1944 - 6 Jun 1947: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS


Commander, 3rd Division (3. Divisioonan komentaja)
1 Jan 1940: REFORMED FROM 6th DIVISION
1 Jan 1940 - 3 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
3 Mar 1940 - 3 Apr 1940: Eversti Auno Antero KAILA
3 Apr 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
7 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
21 Oct 1943 - 4 Oct 1944: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
4 Oct 1944 - 25 Oct 1944:
25 Oct 1944 - 3 Dec 1944: Eversti Aloys KUISTIO
3 Dec 1944 - 31 Dec 1944: Kenraaliluutnantti Taavetti LAATIKAINEN
11 Jan 1945 - 27 Jan 1947: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK


Commander, 4th Division (4. Divisioonan komentaja)
Oct 1939 - ?: Eversti Oskar Bjarne Hugo NORDENSWAN
? - 1 Mar 1940: Eversti Auno Antero KAILA
1 Mar 1940 - 13 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Johan Viktor ARAJUURI
13 Mar 1940 - 25 Jun 1940:
25 Jun 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
7 Aug 1940 - 16 Jun 1941:
16 Jun 1941 - 24 Apr 1942: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Ilmari VILJANEN
24 Apr 1942 - 4 Mar 1943: Eversti Yrjö TAKKULA
4 Mar 1943 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Pietari Aleksanteri AUTTI
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 5th Division (5. Divisioonan komentaja)
13 Oct 1939 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Selim Engelbert ISAKSON
7 Aug 1940: DISBANDED
18 Jun 1941: REFORMED
18 Jun 1941 - 11 Jul 1941: Eversti Eino Rafael KOSKIMIES
11 Jul 1941 - 25 Jul 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
25 Jul 1941 - 14 May 1942: Eversti Ilmari Johannes KARHU
14 May 1942 - 21 Sep 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kustaa Anders TAPOLA
21 Sep 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 6th Division (6. Divisioonan komentaja)
14 Oct 1939 - 1 Jan 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
1 Jan 1940: REDESIGNATED 3rd DIVISION
15 Jun 1941: REFORMED
15 Jun 1941- 18 Dec 1941: Eversti Verner VIIKLA
18 Dec 1941 - 5 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
8 Aug 1944 - 14 Nov 1944: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
14 Nov 1944 - 24 Nov 1944: Eversti Arni Akseli KURENMAA
24 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 7th Division (7. Divisioonan komentaja)
1 Jan 1940 - 15 Jan 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
15 Jan 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
7 Aug 1940: DISBANDED
17 Jun 1941: REFORMED
17 Jun 1941 - 1 Aug 1943: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Aug 1943 - 28 Jan 1944: Eversti William HÄKLI
28 Jan 1944 - 15 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Selim Engelbert ISAKSON
15 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 8th Division (8. Divisioonan komentaja)
9 Oct 1939 - 25 Jun 1940: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
25 Jun 1940 - 10 Jun 1941:
10 Jun 1941 - 9 Jan 1943: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
9 Jan 1943 - 6 Feb 1943:
6 Feb 1943 - 15 Feb 1944: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Henrik PALOJÄRVI
15 Feb 1944 - 15 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
15 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 9th Division (9. Divisioonan komentaja)
22 Dec 1939 - 8 Apr 1940: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
8 Apr 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Erkki Johannes RAAPPANA
Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 10th Division (10. Divisioonan komentaja)
Oct 1939 - 21 Dec 1939: Eversti Viljo Antero KAUPPILA
21 Dec 1939 - 1 Jan 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
1 Jan 1940: REDESIGNATED 7th DIVISION
Jun 1941: REFORMED
18 Jun 1941 - 17 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO
17 Jun 1944 - 4 Dec 1944: Eversti Kai Lorenzo Immanuel SAVONJOUSI
4 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 11th Division (11. Divisioonan komentaja)
Oct 1939 - 1 Jan 1940: Eversti Eino Rafael KOSKIMIES
1 Jan 1940: REDESIGNATED 2nd DIVISION
18 Jun 1941: REFORMED
18 Jun 1941 - 12 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Aleksanteri HEISKANEN
12 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 12th Division (12. Divisioonan komentaja)
Oct 1939 - 31 Jan 1940: Eversti Lauri Taavetti TIAINEN
31 Jan 1940 - 26 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne SNELLMAN
26 Apr 1940 - 1 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Aug 1940 - 16 Jun 1941:
16 Jun 1941 - 18 Dec 1941: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA
18 Dec 1941 - Jan 1942: Eversti Per EKHOLM
Jan 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 13th Division (13. Divisioonan komentaja)
13 Oct 1939 - 6 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
6 May 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Kaarlo Aleksanteri HEISKANEN
Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 14th Division (14. Divisioonan komentaja)
22 Feb 1940 - 21 Jul 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
21 Jul 1940 - 20 Jun 1941:
20 Jun 1941 - 9 Aug 1944: Kenraalimajuri Erkki Johannes RAAPPANA
9 Aug 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 15th Division (15. Divisioonan komentaja)
1 May 1940 - 7 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Franz Uno FAGERNÄS
7 Aug 1940 - 18 Jun 1941:
18 Jun 1941 - 27 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 17th Division (17. Divisioonan komentaja)
11 Jun 1941 - 13 Apr 1942: Kenraalimajuri Aarne SNELLMAN
13 Apr 1942 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Viktor Alonzo SUNDMAN
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 18th Division (18. Divisioonan komentaja)
10 Jun 1941 - 21 Oct 1943: Kenraalimajuri Aaro Olavi PAJARI
21 Oct 1943 - 2 Nov 1943:
2 Nov 1943 - 26 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
26 Jun 1944 - 1 Aug 1944: Eversti Otto Gustaf SNELLMAN
1 Aug 1944 - 16 Dec 1944: Eversti Väinö Johannes OINONEN
16 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 19th Division (19. Divisioonan komentaja)
20 Jun 1941 - 1 Feb 1942: Kenraalimajuri Hannu Esa HANNUKSELA
Feb 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 21st Division (21. Divisioonan komentaja)
10 Dec 1939 - 25 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
25 Feb 1940 - 5 Mar 1940: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
5 Mar 1940 - 1 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
1 Aug 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 23rd Division (23. Divisioonan komentaja)
1 Jan 1940 - 16 Feb 1940: Eversti G. HEINRICHS
16 Feb 1940 - 20 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
20 Apr 1940 - 27 Apr 1940:
27 Apr 1940 - 23 May 1940: Kenraalimajuri Paavo Johannes PAALU
23 May 1940: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Armored Division (1. Panssaridivisioonan komentaja)
28 Jun 1942 - 30 Dec 1944: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
30 Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Coastal Division (1. Rannikkodivisioonan komentaja)
13 Jul 1944 - 27 Aug 1944: Eversti Pekka ENKAINEN
27 Aug 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Supplement Division (1. Täydennysdivisioonan komentaja)
11 Oct 1939 - 10 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Niilo Viktor HERSALO
10 Dec 1939: REDESIGNATED 21st DIVISION


Commander, 2nd Supplement Division (2. Täydennysdivisioonan komentaja)
16 Oct 1939 - 22 Dec 1939: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar Fridolf SIILASVUO
22 Dec 1939: REDESIGNATED 9th DIVISION


Commander, 3rd Supplement Division (3. Täydennysdivisioonan komentaja)
? 1939 - 1 Jan 1940: Eversti G. HEINRICHS
1 Jan 1940: REDESIGNATED 23rd DIVISION


Commander, Division J (Divisioona J:n komentaja)
9 Aug 1941 - 7 Aug 1942: Kenraalimajuri Väinö Henrik PALOJÄRVI
7 Aug 1942: DISBANDED


BRIGADES

I: Peacetime Brigades

Commander, Cavalry Brigade (Ratsuväkiprikaatin komentaja)
9 Nov 1920 - 9 Mar 1927: Kenraalimajuri Georg LONDÉN
9 Mar 1927 - 12 Apr 1927: Eversti Oskar VILKAMA
12 Apr 1927 - 30 Nov 1939: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH


Commander, Jäger Brigade (Jääkäriprikaatin komentaja)
18 Jun 1918 - 4 Jul 1918: Kenraaliluutnantti Karl Lennart OESCH
4 Jul 1918 - 5 Jan 1919: Eversti Ernst Wilhelm Edvard AUSFELD
5 Jan 1919 - 30 Sep 1924: Eversti Torsten Erik JERNSTRÖM
30 Sep 1924 - 29 Aug 1925: Everstiluutnantti Maximilian Lars Helge SAVONIUS
29 Aug 1925 - 28 Dec 1926: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
28 Dec 1926 - 1 Sep 1927: Kenraalimajuri Claes Bertel Napoleon WINELL
1 Sep 1927 - 9 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Silvio HEIKINHEIMO
9 Jun 1928 - 15 Jun 1928:
15 Jun 1928 - 26 Nov 1930: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
26 Nov 1930 - 30 Sep 1931: Kenraaliluutnantti Jarl Fritjof LUNDQVIST
30 Sep 1931 - 1 Jan 1934: Kenraalimajuri Juho Henrik HEISKANEN
1 Jan 1934: DISBANDED


Commander, Savo Brigade (Savon Prikaatin komentaja)
28 May 1927 - 15 Jun 1928: Kenraalimajuri Ilmari Armas-Eino MARTOLA
15 Jun 1928 - 4 Jul 1929: Jalkaväenkenraali Erik HEINRICHS
4 Jul 1929 - 1 Jul 1933:
1 Jul 1933 - 1 May 1934: Kenraaliluutnantti Hjalmar SIILASVUO


II: Wartime Brigades (Winter War, Continuation War, Lapland War)

Commander, Cavalry Brigade (Ratsuväkiprikaatin komentaja)
30 Nov 1939 - 10 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
10 Feb 1940 - 10 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN
10 Apr 1940 - 27 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
27 Apr 1940 - 9 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN
9 Jun 1941 - 18 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Woldemar OINONEN
18 Jun 1941 - 30 Oct 1941: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
30 Oct 1941 - 7 Nov 1941: Everstiluutnantti Åke WAHREN
7 Nov 1941 - 14 Nov 1941: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
14 Nov 1941 - 28 Apr 1942: Eversti Gustaf EHRNROOTH
28 Apr 1942 - 17 Jun 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
17 Jun 1944 - 10 Sep 1944: Eversti Urho TÄHTINEN
10 Sep 1944 - 29 Sep 1944: Eversti Hans Olof von ESSEN
29 Sep 1944 - 28 Nov 1944: Kenraalimajuri Lars Rafael MELANDER
28 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Jäger Brigade (Jääkäriprikaatin komentaja)
Nov 1940: REFORMED
20 Nov 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
10 Jun 1941: REDESIGNATED 1st JÄGER BRIGADE
8 Dec 1943: REFORMED
8 Dec 1943 - 1 Feb 1944: Everstiluutnantti Erik SANDSTRÖM
1 Feb 1944 - 8 Aug 1944: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
16 Aug 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Eversti Valter NORDGREN
Dec 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Jäger Brigade (1. Jääkäriprikaatin komentaja)
10 Jun 1941 - 11 Jul 1941: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
11 Jul 1941 - 25 Jul 1941: Everstiluutnantti Väinö MERIKALLIO
25 Jul 1941 - 28 Jun 1942: Kenraalimajuri Ernst Ruben LAGUS
28 Jun 1942: REDESIGNATED 1st Armored DIVISION


Commander, 2nd Jäger Brigade (2. Jääkäriprikaatin komentaja)
18 Jun 1941 - 7 Mar 1942: Kenraalimajuri Viktor SUNDMAN
7 Mar 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, Armored Brigade (Panssariprikaatin komentaja)
28 Feb 1942 - 20 Nov 1944: Eversti Sven BJÖRKMAN
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 1st Brigade (1. Prikaatin komentaja)
9 Oct 1939 - 28 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Einar August VIHMA


Commander, 2nd Brigade (2. Prikaatin komentaja)
8 Oct 1939 - 1 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON
1 Feb 1940 - 5 Aug 1940:
5 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN


Commander, 3rd Brigade (3. Prikaatin komentaja)
28 Nov 1939 - 7 Dec 1939: Kenraalimajuri Aarne Leopold BLICK
7 Dec 1939 - 5 Aug 1940: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
5 Aug 1940 - 16 Jan 1942:
16 Jan 1942 - 8 Jun 1942: Eversti Kai SAVONJOUSI
8 Jun 1942 - 22 Feb 1943: Kenraalimajuri Pietari AUTTI
25 Feb 1943 - 15 Feb 1944: Kenraalimajuri Antti KÄÄRIÄINEN
15 Feb 1944 - 12 Jun 1944: Eversti Joose HANNULA
12 Jun 1944 - 17 Jun 1944: Eversti Kai SAVONJOUSI
17 Jun 1944 - 14 Nov 1944: Eversti Lauri HAANTERÄ
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 4th Brigade (4. Prikaatin komentaja)
6 Oct 1939 - 28 Oct 1939: Kenraalimajuri Johannes SIHVO


Commander, 5th Brigade (5. Prikaatin komentaja)
12 Aug 1940 - 18 Jun 1941: Eversti Ilmari Johannes KARHU


Commander, 6th Brigade (6. Prikaatin komentaja)
10 Aug 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Eversti Torvald Erik EKMAN


Commander, 8th Brigade (8. Prikaatin komentaja)
31 Aug 1940 - 20 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Pietari AUTTI


Commander, 11th Brigade (11. Prikaatin komentaja)
15 Apr 1942 - 22 Jun 1942: Eversti J. WALLDEN
22 Jun 1942: DISBANDED


Commander, 12th Brigade (12. Prikaatin komentaja)
4 Sep 1940 - 10 Jun 1941: Eversti Albert Aleksander PUROMA
10 Jun 1941 - 27 Feb 1942:
27 Feb 1942 - 11 Feb 1943: Eversti August MÄKINIEMI
Feb 1943: DOWNGRADED TO 33rd INFANTRY REGIMENT


Commander, 15th Brigade (15. Prikaatin komentaja)
31 May 1943 - 21 Oct 1944: Eversti Aloys KUISTIO
21 Oct 1944 - 1 Jan 1945: Eversti Antti PENNANEN
1 Jan 1945: DISBANDED


Commander, 16th Brigade (16. Prikaatin komentaja)
28 Nov 1941 - 25 May 1942: Eversti Väinö MERIKALLIO
25 May 1942: DOWNGRADED TO 16th INFANTRY REGIMENT


Commander, 19th Brigade (19. Prikaatin komentaja)
1 Jan 1944 - 5 Sep 1944: Eversti Lauri MASKULA
5 Sep 1944 - ?: Eversti Mauno von SCHROWE
? - Nov 1944: Eversti Lauri MASKULA
Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, 20th Brigade (20. Prikaatin komentaja)
1 Jan 1944 - 22 Jun 1944: Eversti Armas KEMPPI
22 Jun 1944 - ?: Eversti Yrjö SORA


Commander, 21st Brigade (21. Prikaatin komentaja)
Dec 1943 - 13 Aug 1944: Eversti Torvald EKMAN
13 Aug 1944 - ? Aug 1944: Eversti Urho TÄHTINEN
? Aug 1944 - 27 Nov 1944: Eversti Torvald EKMAN
27 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Border Jäger Brigade (Rannikkojääkäriprikaatin komentaja)
4 Jul 1944 - 10 Oct 1944: Eversti Kustaa INKALA
10 Oct 1944 - 30 Nov 1944: Eversti E. JUVA
30 Nov 1944: DISBANDED


Commander, Kuussaari Brigade (Kuussaarin Prikaatin komentaja)
29 Jul 1941 - 4 Nov 1941: Eversti Eero KUUSSAARI
Nov 1941: DISBANDED


Commander, Light Brigade T (Kevjen Prikaati T:n komentaja)
9 Jul 1941 - 24 Aug 1941: Eversti Matti TIIAINEN
25 Aug 1941 - 5 Sep 1941: Eversti Valter NORDGREN
Sep 1941: DISBANDED


Commander, Light Brigade (Kevjen Prikaatin komentaja)
5 Dec 1944 - 26 Apr 1946: Kenraalimajuri Antero Johannes SVENSSON


Commander, Äänis Coastal Brigade (Äänisen Rannikkoprikaatin komentaja)
18 Mar 1943 - 8 Jul 1944: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN


Commander, East Finland Coastal Brigade (Itäsuomen Rannikkoprikaatin komentaja)
10 Jul 1944 - 8 Sep 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO


Commander, Ladoga Coastal Brigade (Laatokan Rannikkoprikaatin komentaja)
31 Dec 1941 - 18 Mar 1943: Kenraalimajuri Eino Iisakki JÄRVINEN


Commander, Turku Coastal Brigade


Commander, Uudenmaa Coastal Brigade (Uudenmaan Rannikkoprikaatin komentaja)
25 Feb 1942 - 10 Jul 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO
10 Jul 1944 - 8 Sep 1944:
8 Sep 1944 - 4 Dec 1944: Eversti Niilo Nikolai SARIO

[Mikko H.]

Here's some comments, mainly regarding the Finnish names.

Chief of the Armed Forces
During peacetime, the Commander-in-Chief of the Finnish Armed Forces was the President of Finland. Upon the outbreak of war, a senior General was appointed Commander-in-Chief to oversee the operational command of the armed forces during the conflict. The title of the highest military officer changed several times during the period 1918 - 1945: Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces/Sotajoukkojen ylipäällikkö (Jan 1918 - Aug 1918), Commander-in-Chief of the Army/Armeijan ylipäällikkö (Aug 1918 - Sep 1919), Chief of the Armed Forces/Sotaväen päällikkö (Sep 1919 - Oct 1939), Commander of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimien komentaja (Oct 1939 - Dec 1939), Commander-in-Chief of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimien ylipäällikkö (Oct 1939 - Dec 1944), Commander of Defense Forces/Puolustusvoimain komentaja (Dec 1944 - Jun 1946).

To nitpick, it was not automatic that a senior soldier was appointed as the Commander-in-Chief at the outbreak of a war. It was something that first President Svinhufvud decided to promise to Mannerheim in the early 1930's, and in 1937 the new President Kallio renewed the pledge.

Commander of the Navy
The Finnish Navy was known by several denominations during the period 1918 - 1945, and the title of its commanding officer reflected these changes: Commander of the Fleet/Laivaston komentaja (Jul 1918 - May 1919), Chief of the Fleet/Laivaston päällikkö (May 1919 - Jun 1928?), Chief of Naval Defense/Meripuolustuksen päällikkö (Jun 1928 - Jul 1933), Commander of the Navy/Merivoimien komentaja (Jul 1933 - May 1946). Upon the outbreak of World War II, a separate fleet was formed, subordinate to the Commander of the Navy).

I personally prefer 'Naval Forces' as the translation for merivoimat. First, it's a more literal translation than 'Navy', and second, it better reflects the fact that the merivoimat also included the coast artillery.

ARMIES

The Finnish title for the army level commanders is komentaja, so 'commander' instead of Commander-in-Chief would be preferable title.

Commander, Åland Islands Group (Ahvenanmaan rhymän komentaja)

Here and in other entries word Rhymä is incorrect (rather common typo in non-Finnish sources, BTW), it should be Ryhmä.

II: Wartime Brigades (Winter War, Continuation War, Lapland War)

Commander, Cavalry Brigade (Ratsuväkiprikaatin komentaja)
30 Nov 1939 - 10 Feb 1940: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
10 Feb 1940 - 10 Apr 1940: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN
10 Apr 1940 - 27 Apr 1941: Kenraalimajuri Georg Fredrik PALMROTH
27 Apr 1941 - 9 Jun 1941: Kenraalimajuri Harry Uno ALFTHAN

Note that the year Alfthan took over from Palmroth for the second time was 1941 (not 1940).

Despite all this nitpicking, a very impressive list indeed! Definitely a keeper!